וַיִּקְרְא֤וּ שֵׁם־הָעִיר֙ דָּ֔ן בְּשֵׁם֙ דָּ֣ן אֲבִיהֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוּלַּ֖ד לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְאוּלָ֛ם לַ֥יִשׁ שֵׁם־הָעִ֖יר לָרִאשֹׁנָֽה׃
And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born to Yisraʾel. But Layish was the name of the city earlier.
Morphology
- וַיִּקְרְא֤וּ (vayyiqre’u) – Root: קרא (qara); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they called”; Notes: Refers to naming the city.
- שֵׁם־הָעִיר֙ (shem-ha’ir) – Root: שם, עיר (shem, ʿir); Form: Noun construct, masculine singular + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “the name of the city”; Notes: Refers to renaming the city.
- דָּ֔ן (Dan) – Root: דן (Dan); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dan”; Notes: Refers to the tribe’s ancestor.
- בְּשֵׁם֙ (be-shem) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “after the name of”; Notes: Indicates naming in honor of someone.
- דָּ֣ן (Dan) – Root: דן (Dan); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dan”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
- אֲבִיהֶ֔ם (avihem) – Root: אב (av); Form: Noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their father”; Notes: Refers to Dan, son of Yaʿaqov.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- יוּלַּ֖ד (yullad) – Root: ילד (yalad); Form: Hofal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “was born”; Notes: Passive form of “to bear.”
- לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (le-Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (Yisra’el); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “to Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to Yaʿaqov and his descendants.
- וְאוּלָ֛ם (ve-ulam) – Root: אולם (ulam); Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “But formerly”; Notes: Indicates contrast.
- לַ֥יִשׁ (Layish) – Root: ליש (Layish); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Layish”; Notes: The former name of the city.
- שֵׁם־הָעִ֖יר (shem-ha’ir) – Root: שם, עיר (shem, ʿir); Form: Noun construct, masculine singular + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “the name of the city”; Notes: Reiterating the change in name.
- לָרִאשֹׁנָֽה (larishonah) – Root: ראשון (rishon); Form: Adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “formerly”; Notes: Emphasizing prior status.