וַיָּבֹאוּ֩ מִנֶּ֨גֶד לַגִּבְעָ֜ה עֲשֶׂרֶת֩ אֲלָפִ֨ים אִ֤ישׁ בָּחוּר֙ מִכָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְהַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה כָּבֵ֑דָה וְהֵם֙ לֹ֣א יָדְע֔וּ כִּֽי־נֹגַ֥עַת עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם הָרָעָֽה׃ פ
And ten thousand choice men from all Yisraʾel came against the Giveʿa, and the battle was heavy, but they did not know that the disaster was reaching them.
Morphology
- וַיָּבֹאוּ֩ (vayyavoʾu) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they came”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite troops approaching the Givʿah.
- מִנֶּ֨גֶד (min-neged) – Root: נגד (neged); Form: Preposition; Translation: “against”; Notes: Indicates opposition or confrontation.
- לַגִּבְעָ֜ה (la-Givʿah) – Root: גבע (givʿah); Form: Noun, feminine singular definite with preposition; Translation: “to the Givʿah”; Notes: Specifies the target location.
- עֲשֶׂרֶת֩ (ʿaseret) – Root: עשר (ʿeser); Form: Numeral, masculine singular construct; Translation: “ten”; Notes: Part of the number describing the troops.
- אֲלָפִ֨ים (ʾalafim) – Root: אלף (ʾelef); Form: Numeral, masculine plural; Translation: “thousand”; Notes: Completes the numerical figure.
- אִ֤ישׁ (ʾish) – Root: איש (ʾish); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “men”; Notes: Indicates the soldiers.
- בָּחוּר֙ (baḥur) – Root: בחר (baḥar); Form: Qal passive participle, masculine singular; Translation: “choice”; Notes: Describes the elite nature of the warriors.
- מִכָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (mi-kol-Yisraʾel) – Root: כל (kol) + ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “from all Yisraʾel”; Notes: Specifies the origin of the soldiers.
- וְהַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה (ve-ha-milḥamah) – Root: לחם (laḥam); Form: Noun, feminine singular definite; Translation: “and the battle”; Notes: Subject of the clause.
- כָּבֵ֑דָה (kavedah) – Root: כבד (kaved); Form: Adjective, feminine singular; Translation: “was heavy”; Notes: Describes the intensity of the battle.
- וְהֵם֙ (ve-hem) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “but they”; Notes: Refers to the Binyaminites.
- לֹ֣א יָדְע֔וּ (lo yadaʿu) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “did not know”; Notes: Indicates their lack of awareness.
- כִּֽי־נֹגַ֥עַת (ki-nogaʿat) – Root: נגע (nagaʿ); Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “that it was reaching”; Notes: Refers to the impending disaster.
- עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם (ʿalehem) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “upon them”; Notes: Specifies the ones affected.
- הָרָעָֽה׃ (ha-raʿah) – Root: רע (raʿ); Form: Noun, feminine singular definite; Translation: “the disaster”; Notes: Refers to the imminent defeat.