וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־הָעָ֗ם וַֽיֶּחֱצֵם֙ לִשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה רָאשִׁ֔ים וַיֶּאֱרֹ֖ב בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה וַיַּ֗רְא וְהִנֵּ֤ה הָעָם֙ יֹצֵ֣א מִן־הָעִ֔יר וַיָּ֥קָם עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם וַיַּכֵּֽם׃
And he took the people and divided them into three companies, and he lay in ambush in the field, and he saw, and behold, the people were coming out from the city, and he rose against them and struck them.
Morphology
- וַיִּקַּ֣ח (vayyiqqaḥ) – Root: לקח (laqaḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he took”; Notes: Refers to taking people for a strategic purpose.
- אֶת־הָעָ֗ם (ʾet-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the people”; Notes: The direct object of the verb “took.”
- וַֽיֶּחֱצֵם֙ (vayyeḥətsem) – Root: חצה (ḥatsa); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and he divided them”; Notes: Describes the division of forces.
- לִשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה (lishloshah) – Root: שלש (shalosh); Form: Numeral, masculine singular construct; Translation: “into three”; Notes: Indicates the number of groups.
- רָאשִׁ֔ים (raʾashim) – Root: ראש (rosh); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute; Translation: “companies”; Notes: Refers to military units.
- וַיֶּאֱרֹ֖ב (vayyeʾerov) – Root: ארב (ʾarab); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he lay in ambush”; Notes: Strategic military action.
- בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה (ba-sadeh) – Root: שדה (sadeh); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “in the field”; Notes: The location of the ambush.
- וַיַּ֗רְא (vayyar) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he saw”; Notes: Observing movement.
- וְהִנֵּ֤ה (vehineh) – Root: הנה (hineh); Form: Interjection; Translation: “and behold”; Notes: Indicates sudden realization.
- הָעָם֙ (haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the people”; Notes: The subject of “were coming out.”
- יֹצֵ֣א (yotse) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “coming out”; Notes: Continuous action.
- מִן־הָעִ֔יר (min-haʿir) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute with preposition; Translation: “from the city”; Notes: Indicates place of origin.
- וַיָּ֥קָם (vayyaqam) – Root: קום (qum); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he rose”; Notes: Military action.
- עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם (ʿalehem) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “against them”; Notes: Denotes hostility.
- וַיַּכֵּֽם׃ (vayyakkem) – Root: נכה (nakah); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and he struck them”; Notes: Indicates attack.