וְלֹ֤א שָֽׁמְעוּ֙ וְלֹֽא־הִטּ֣וּ אֶת־אָזְנָ֔ם וַיֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ אִ֕ישׁ בִּשְׁרִיר֖וּת לִבָּ֣ם הָרָ֑ע וָאָבִ֨יא עֲלֵיהֶ֜ם אֶֽת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֧י הַבְּרִית־הַזֹּ֛את אֲשֶׁר־צִוִּ֥יתִי לַעֲשֹׂ֖ות וְלֹ֥א עָשֽׂוּ׃ ס
But they did not listen, and they did not incline their ear, and each man walked in the stubbornness of his evil heart. So I brought upon them all the words of this covenant which I commanded to do, and they did not do.
Morphology
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “But they did not”; Notes: Introduces contrast and negation.
- שָׁמְעוּ (shameʿu) – Root: שׁמע; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they listened”; Notes: Refers to refusal to heed divine command.
- וְלֹא־הִטּוּ (ve-lo-hittu) – Root: נטה; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they did not incline”; Notes: Often paired with “ear” to mean paying attention.
- אֶת־אָזְנָם (et-oznam) – Root: אוזן; Form: Direct object marker + noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their ear”; Notes: Idiomatically means attention or obedience.
- וַיֵּלְכוּ (vayyelkhu) – Root: הלך; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they walked”; Notes: Indicates a habitual or willful course of action.
- אִישׁ (ʾish) – Root: אישׁ; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “each man”; Notes: Emphasizes individual responsibility.
- בִּשְׁרִירוּת (bishrirut) – Root: שרר; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the stubbornness”; Notes: Indicates obstinate, rebellious attitude.
- לִבָּם (libbam) – Root: לב; Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “of their heart”; Notes: Heart as seat of will and intention.
- הָרָע (haraʿ) – Root: רעע; Form: Definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the evil”; Notes: Qualifies the heart’s moral character.
- וָאָבִיא (vaʾavi) – Root: בוא; Form: Hifil wayyiqtol (narrative past) 1st person singular; Translation: “so I brought”; Notes: Action by YHWH in response to disobedience.
- עֲלֵיהֶם (ʿaleihem) – Root: על; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “upon them”; Notes: Refers to judgment or consequence.
- אֶת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵי (et-kol-divrei) – Root: דבר; Form: Direct object marker + totality noun + construct plural noun masculine; Translation: “all the words of”; Notes: Refers to terms or stipulations of the covenant.
- הַבְּרִית־הַזֹּאת (ha-berit-ha-zot) – Root: ברית, זהה; Form: Definite noun feminine singular + demonstrative pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “this covenant”; Notes: Specific covenant between YHWH and Yisraʾel.
- אֲשֶׁר־צִוִּיתִי (ʾasher-tsivviti) – Root: צוה; Form: Relative pronoun + Piel perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “which I commanded”; Notes: Indicates divine origin of obligation.
- לַעֲשׂוֹת (laʿasot) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Infinitive construct with לְ prefix; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Purpose or obligation of the command.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Continues previous clause with negation.
- עָשׂוּ (ʿasu) – Root: עשׂה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they did”; Notes: Final note of disobedience in contrast to YHWH’s command.