וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ שִׁמְע֣וּ דְבַר־יְהוָ֔ה מַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וְיֹשְׁבֵ֖י יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ יְהוָ֨ה צְבָאֹ֜ות אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הִנְנִ֨י מֵבִ֤יא רָעָה֙ עַל־הַמָּקֹ֣ום הַזֶּ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּל־שֹׁמְעָ֖הּ תִּצַּ֥לְנָה אָזְנָֽיו׃
And you shall say: ‘Hear the word of YHWH, O kings of Yehuda and inhabitants of Yerushalayim. Thus said YHWH of armies, the God of Yisraʾel: Behold, I am bringing evil upon this place which everyone who hears it, his ears shall tingle.
Morphology
- וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ (ve-amarta) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And you shall say”; Notes: Introduces the prophet’s speech as commanded by YHWH.
- שִׁמְע֣וּ (shimʿu) – Root: שמע; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Hear”; Notes: Direct command to the kings and people to pay attention.
- דְבַר־יְהוָ֔ה (devar-YHWH) – Root: דבר; Form: Construct noun masculine singular + proper noun; Translation: “the word of YHWH”; Notes: A common prophetic expression denoting divine revelation.
- מַלְכֵ֣י (malkei) – Root: מלך; Form: Construct plural masculine noun; Translation: “kings of”; Notes: Refers collectively to rulers over Yehudah.
- יְהוּדָ֔ה (Yehudah) – Root: יהודה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: The southern kingdom of Yisraʾel.
- וְיֹשְׁבֵ֖י (ve-yoshvei) – Root: ישׁב; Form: Qal participle masculine plural in construct with conjunction; Translation: “and inhabitants of”; Notes: Participial form indicating continuous residence.
- יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם (Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלים; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: Capital of Yehudah, spiritual center of Yisraʾel.
- כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ (koh-amar) – Root: אמר; Form: Adverb + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Thus said”; Notes: Formula introducing divine speech.
- יְהוָ֨ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of God.
- צְבָאֹ֜ות (tsevaʾot) – Root: צבא; Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “of armies”; Notes: Title emphasizing divine sovereignty and power.
- אֱלֹהֵ֣י (ʾelohei) – Root: אלהים; Form: Construct masculine plural noun; Translation: “God of”; Notes: Part of the construct chain with “Yisraʾel.”
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: National and covenantal identity.
- הִנְנִ֨י (hineni) – Root: הן; Form: Interjection + 1st person singular pronoun suffix; Translation: “Behold, I”; Notes: Emphatic form signaling divine action.
- מֵבִ֤יא (meviʾ) – Root: בוא; Form: Hiphil participle masculine singular; Translation: “bringing”; Notes: Hiphil indicates causative aspect — YHWH actively causes the coming of disaster.
- רָעָה֙ (raʿah) – Root: רעע; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “evil” or “disaster”; Notes: Calamity as divine punishment.
- עַל־הַמָּקֹ֣ום (ʿal-ha-maqom) – Root: קום; Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “upon the place”; Notes: Refers to Yerushalayim or the valley mentioned earlier.
- הַזֶּ֔ה (ha-zeh) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the immediate location.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces result clause of the coming disaster.
- כָּל־שֹׁמְעָ֖הּ (kol-shomʿah) – Root: שמע; Form: Construct noun “all” + Qal participle masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “everyone who hears it”; Notes: Refers to all who will hear the report of the disaster.
- תִּצַּ֥לְנָה (titsalnah) – Root: צול; Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural; Translation: “shall tingle”; Notes: Expresses shock or horror upon hearing; poetic and idiomatic.
- אָזְנָֽיו (oznav) – Root: אזן; Form: Noun feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his ears”; Notes: The hearing organs reacting with dread.