Jeremiah 25:23

וְאֶת־דְּדָ֤ן וְאֶת־תֵּימָא֙ וְאֶת־בּ֔וּז וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־קְצוּצֵ֥י פֵאָֽה׃

and Dedan, and Tema, and Buz, and all who cut the corners of the hair;

Morphology

1. וְאֶת־דְּדָ֤ן (ve-et Dedan) – Root: את, proper noun דְּדָן; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “and Dedan”; Notes: Dedan was an Arabian people, often associated with trading communities in the southern desert regions.
2. וְאֶת־תֵּימָא֙ (ve-et Tema) – Root: את, proper noun תֵּימָא; Form: As above; Translation: “and Tema”; Notes: Tema is another Arabian tribe, likely in northern Arabia.
3. וְאֶת־בּ֔וּז (ve-et Buz) – Root: את, proper noun בּוּז; Form: As above; Translation: “and Buz”; Notes: Buz is possibly related to a descendant of Naḥor or an Arabian group. The name implies “despised.”
4. וְאֵ֖ת (ve-et) – Root: את; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker; Translation: “and [the object]”.
5. כָּל־קְצוּצֵ֥י פֵאָֽה (kol-qtutsei feʾah) – Roots: כל, קצץ, פאה; Form: Construct chain: “all of the corner-trimmers”; Translation: “all who cut the corners [of the hair]”; Notes: Refers to a group marked by distinctive grooming customs, possibly nomadic or non-Israelite groups who shaved or trimmed the edges of their beards or hair in a way forbidden in Levitical law (cf. Leviticus 19:27).