Jeremiah 32:18

עֹ֤שֶׂה חֶ֨סֶד֙ לַֽאֲלָפִ֔ים וּמְשַׁלֵּם֙ עֲוֹ֣ן אָבֹ֔ות אֶל־חֵ֥יק בְּנֵיהֶ֖ם אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם הָאֵ֤ל הַגָּדֹול֙ הַגִּבֹּ֔ור יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֹ֖ות שְׁמֹֽו׃

Showing kindness to the thousands, and repaying the iniquity of fathers into the bosom of their sons after them, the great God, the mighty one, YHWH of hosts is His name.

Morphology

1. עֹשֶׂה (ʿoseh) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “showing”; Notes: Indicates continuous or habitual action, describing YHWH’s ongoing character.
2. חֶסֶד (ḥesed) – Root: חסד (ḥesed); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “kindness”; Notes: Refers to covenant loyalty, steadfast love, or mercy.
3. לַאֲלָפִים (laʾalafim) – Root: אלף (ʾelef); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “to the thousands”; Notes: Indicates the recipients of the kindness.
4. וּמְשַׁלֵּם (u-meshalēm) – Root: שלם (shalem); Form: Piel participle masculine singular with conjunction; Translation: “and repaying”; Notes: Piel intensifies the action, stressing full recompense.
5. עֲוֹן (ʿavon) – Root: עון (ʿavon); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “iniquity”; Notes: Denotes moral guilt or wrongdoing, often with consequences.
6. אָבֹות (avot) – Root: אב (ʾav); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “fathers”; Notes: Refers to forebears or ancestors.
7. אֶל־חֵיק (ʾel-ḥeiq) – Root: חיק (ḥeiq); Form: Preposition אֶל + noun masculine singular; Translation: “into the bosom”; Notes: A figurative phrase indicating personal and direct impact.
8. בְּנֵיהֶם (benehem) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “of their sons”; Notes: Refers to descendants, heirs of consequences.
9. אַחֲרֵיהֶם (ʾaḥarehem) – Root: אחר (ʾaḥar); Form: Adverb + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “after them”; Notes: Temporal phrase indicating succession.
10. הָאֵל (haʾel) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the God”; Notes: The supreme divine being.
11. הַגָּדֹול (haggadol) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the great”; Notes: Describes God’s magnitude and majesty.
12. הַגִּבֹּור (haggibor) – Root: גבר (gavar); Form: Definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the mighty one”; Notes: Conveys strength, valor, and power.
13. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The personal covenant name of God.
14. צְבָאֹות (tsevaʾot) – Root: צבא (tsavaʾ); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “of hosts”; Notes: Refers to heavenly armies or divine forces.
15. שְׁמֹו (shemu) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “is His name”; Notes: Indicates possession of the divine title.