לָכֵן כֹּה־אָמַר יְהוָה צְבָאֹות אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הִנְנִי שָׂם פָּנַי בָּכֶם לְרָעָה וּלְהַכְרִית אֶת־כָּל־יְהוּדָה׃
Therefore, thus says YHWH of Hosts, God of Yisraʾel: ‘Behold, I am setting My face against you for evil, and to cut off all Yehuda.
Morphology
- לָכֵן (lakhen) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverb; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Introduces consequence.
- כֹּה־אָמַר (koh-ʾamar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Adverb + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “thus says”; Notes: Prophetic formula.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Tetragrammaton; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of God.
- צְבָאֹות (tzevaʾot) – Root: צבא (tzeva); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “hosts”; Notes: Refers to heavenly armies.
- אֱלֹהֵי (ʾelohei) – Root: אלה (ʾeloah); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “God of”; Notes: Governs following proper noun.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Proper name; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the covenant people.
- הִנְנִי (hineni) – Root: Particle; Form: Interjection + 1st person singular pronoun; Translation: “behold, I”; Notes: Formula of divine self-announcement.
- שָׂם (sam) – Root: שׂים (sim); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “setting”; Notes: Ongoing action, deliberate placement.
- פָּנַי (panai) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Noun masculine plural (dual in form) + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My face”; Notes: Symbol of intention and attention.
- בָּכֶם (bakhem) – Root: Preposition + pronoun; Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Marks direction of divine opposition.
- לְרָעָה (le-raʿah) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “for evil”; Notes: Denotes calamity or disaster.
- וּלְהַכְרִית (u-le-hakhrit) – Root: כרת (karat); Form: Conjunction + Hifil infinitive construct; Translation: “and to cut off”; Notes: Refers to extermination.
- אֶת־ (et) – Root: Particle; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: [no direct translation]; Notes: Marks the definite object.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “all”; Notes: Indicates totality.
- יְהוּדָה (Yehudah) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Proper name; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: The southern kingdom.