וְלָקַחְתִּי אֶת־שְׁאֵרִית יְהוּדָה אֲשֶׁר־שָׂמוּ פְנֵיהֶם לָבֹוא אֶרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם לָגוּר שָׁם וְתַמּוּ כֹל בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם יִפֹּלוּ בַּחֶרֶב בָּרָעָב יִתַּמוּ מִקָּטֹן וְעַד־גָּדֹול בַּחֶרֶב וּבָרָעָב יָמֻתוּ וְהָיוּ לְאָלָה לְשַׁמָּה וְלִקְלָלָה וּלְחֶרְפָּה׃
And I will take the remnant of Yehuda, who have set their faces to come to the land of Mitsrayim to sojourn there, and they shall all be consumed in the land of Mitsrayim. By the sword, by the famine, they shall be finished. From small to great, by the sword and by the famine they shall die, and they shall be for an oath, for a desolation, for a curse, and for a reproach.
Morphology
- וְלָקַחְתִּי (ve-laqaḥti) – Root: לקח (laqach); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular with conjunction; Translation: “and I will take”; Notes: YHWH is the subject.
- אֶת־ (et) – Root: Particle; Form: Object marker; Translation: [no translation]; Notes: Marks definite object.
- שְׁאֵרִית (sheʾerit) – Root: שׁאר (shaʾar); Form: Noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “remnant of”; Notes: Survivors after destruction.
- יְהוּדָה (Yehudah) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Proper name; Translation: “Yehudah”; Notes: Refers to the southern kingdom.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: Particle; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- שָׂמוּ (samu) – Root: שׂים (sim); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they set”; Notes: A deliberate resolve or decision.
- פְנֵיהֶם (peneihem) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their faces”; Notes: Idiom for intention or determination.
- לָבֹוא (la-vo) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to come”; Notes: Purpose of their resolve.
- אֶרֶץ־ (eretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾeretz); Form: Noun feminine singular in construct; Translation: “land of”; Notes: Geographical reference.
- מִצְרַיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Proper name; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Egypt, land of refuge sought by Yehudah.
- לָגוּר (lagur) – Root: גור (gur); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to sojourn”; Notes: Temporary residence in exile.
- שָׁם (sham) – Root: Particle; Form: Adverb of place; Translation: “there”; Notes: Locative, refers to Mitsrayim.
- וְתַמּוּ (ve-tammu) – Root: תמם (tamam); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall be consumed”; Notes: Completion or annihilation.
- כֹל (kol) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “all”; Notes: Universal scope.
- בְּאֶרֶץ (be-eretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾeretz); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the land of”; Notes: Locative marker.
- מִצְרַיִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Proper name; Translation: “Mitsrayim”; Notes: Egypt.
- יִפֹּלוּ (yippolu) – Root: נפל (nafal); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall fall”; Notes: Euphemism for death.
- בַּחֶרֶב (ba-ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Preposition + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “by the sword”; Notes: Instrument of death.
- בָּרָעָב (ba-raʿav) – Root: רעב (raʿav); Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “by the famine”; Notes: Another instrument of judgment.
- יִתַּמוּ (yittamu) – Root: תמם (tamam); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall be finished”; Notes: Passive sense, utter destruction.
- מִקָּטֹן (mi-qaṭon) – Root: קטן (qaṭon); Form: Preposition + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “from small”; Notes: Includes the least in society.
- וְעַד־גָּדֹול (ve-ʿad-gadol) – Root: גדל (gadol); Form: Conjunction + preposition + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “and to great”; Notes: Extends to the greatest.
- בַּחֶרֶב (ba-ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Preposition + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “by the sword”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
- וּבָרָעָב (u-va-raʿav) – Root: רעב (raʿav); Form: Conjunction + preposition + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “and by the famine”; Notes: Parallelism of instruments of judgment.
- יָמֻתוּ (yamutu) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they shall die”; Notes: Final outcome.
- וְהָיוּ (ve-hayu) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they shall be”; Notes: Consequence of judgment.
- לְאָלָה (le-ʾalah) – Root: אלה (ʾalah); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “for an oath/curse”; Notes: Object of cursing or swearing.
- לְשַׁמָּה (le-shammah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “for a desolation”; Notes: Symbol of ruin.
- וְלִקְלָלָה (ve-li-qelalah) – Root: קלל (qalal); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “for a curse”; Notes: Object of scorn and curse.
- וּלְחֶרְפָּה (u-le-ḥerpa) – Root: חרף (ḥeref); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and for a reproach”; Notes: Public shame and humiliation.