וְעַתָּ֗ה יַ֧עַן עֲשֹׂותְכֶ֛ם אֶת־כָּל־הַמַּֽעֲשִׂ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה וָאֲדַבֵּ֨ר אֲלֵיכֶ֜ם הַשְׁכֵּ֤ם וְדַבֵּר֙ וְלֹ֣א שְׁמַעְתֶּ֔ם וָאֶקְרָ֥א אֶתְכֶ֖ם וְלֹ֥א עֲנִיתֶֽם׃
And now, because you have done all these deeds,” declares YHWH, “and I spoke to you, rising early and speaking, but you did not listen, and I called to you, but you did not answer,
Morphology
- וְעַתָּה (ve-ʿattah) – Root: עת (ʿet); Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “And now”; Notes: Marks a transition to consequence or judgment.
- יַעַן (yaʿan) – Root: יען (yaʿan); Form: Preposition; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the judgment that follows.
- עֲשֹׂותְכֶם (ʿasotkhem) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your doing”; Notes: Refers to their active participation in wrongdoing.
- אֶת־כָּל־הַמַּעֲשִׂים (et-kol-ha-maʿasim) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Object marker + construct noun + definite masculine plural noun; Translation: “all the deeds”; Notes: Refers to their sinful actions listed earlier.
- הָאֵלֶּה (ha-ʾelleh) – Root: אלה (ʾelleh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Specifies the previous abominations.
- נְאֻם־יְהוָה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Construct noun + proper name; Translation: “declares YHWH”; Notes: Prophetic speech formula indicating divine authority.
- וָאֲדַבֵּר (va-ʾadabber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel wayyiqtol 1st person common singular; Translation: “and I spoke”; Notes: Piel form intensifies the act of speaking persistently.
- אֲלֵיכֶם (aleikhem) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: The audience of YHWH’s warning.
- הַשְׁכֵּם (hashkem) – Root: שׁכם (shakham); Form: Hifil infinitive absolute; Translation: “rising early”; Notes: Indicates urgency and diligence in delivering the message.
- וְדַבֵּר (ve-dabber) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel infinitive absolute with conjunction; Translation: “and speaking”; Notes: Coordinated with “rising early” to stress persistent effort.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “but not”; Notes: Introduces the negative result.
- שְׁמַעְתֶּם (shemʿatem) – Root: שׁמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you listened”; Notes: Refers to failure to heed divine warnings.
- וָאֶקְרָא (va-eqra) – Root: קרא (qara); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 1st person common singular; Translation: “and I called”; Notes: YHWH’s invitation or summons.
- אֶתְכֶם (etkhem) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: The ones being called.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “but not”; Notes: Emphatic negation.
- עֲנִיתֶם (ʿanithem) – Root: ענה (ʿanah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you answered”; Notes: Expresses lack of response to YHWH’s repeated appeals.