וְעָלָ֨ה הַגְּב֥וּל דְּבִרָה֮ מֵעֵ֣מֶק עָכֹור֒ וְצָפֹ֜ונָה פֹּנֶ֣ה אֶל־הַגִּלְגָּ֗ל אֲשֶׁר־נֹ֨כַח֙ לְמַעֲלֵ֣ה אֲדֻמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִנֶּ֖גֶב לַנָּ֑חַל וְעָבַ֤ר הַגְּבוּל֙ אֶל־מֵי־עֵ֣ין שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ וְהָי֥וּ תֹצְאֹתָ֖יו אֶל־עֵ֥ין רֹגֵֽל׃
And the border went up to Devir from the Valley of ʿAkhor, and it turned northward toward the Gilgal, which is opposite Maʿaleh-Adummim, which is south of the wadi. And the border passed to the waters of ʿEin-Shemesh, and its limits were at Ein-Rogel.
Morphology
- וְעָלָ֨ה (ve-ʿalah) – Root: עלה (ʿalah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it went up”; Notes: Describes an upward movement.
- הַגְּב֥וּל (ha-gevul) – Root: גבול (gevul); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the border”; Notes: Refers to a boundary.
- דְּבִרָה֮ (Devirah) – Root: דביר (Devir); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Devir”; Notes: Name of a location.
- מֵעֵ֣מֶק (me-ʿemeq) – Root: עמק (ʿemeq); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “from the valley of”; Notes: Indicates origin.
- עָכֹור֒ (ʿAkhor) – Root: עכור (ʿakhor); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “ʿAkhor”; Notes: Name of a valley.
- וְצָפֹ֜ונָה (ve-tsafonah) – Root: צפון (tsafon); Form: Adverbial direction; Translation: “and northward”; Notes: Specifies movement.
- פֹּנֶ֣ה (poneh) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “it turns”; Notes: Describes directional change.
- אֶל־הַגִּלְגָּ֗ל (el-ha-Gilgal) – Root: גלגל (Gilgal); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “toward the Gilgal”; Notes: Name of a site.
- אֲשֶׁר־נֹ֨כַח֙ (asher-noḵaḥ) – Root: נכח (noḵaḥ); Form: Relative pronoun with participle; Translation: “which is opposite”; Notes: Describes position.
- לְמַעֲלֵ֣ה (le-maʿaleh) – Root: מעלה (maʿaleh); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “to Maʿaleh”; Notes: Refers to a high ascent.
- אֲדֻמִּ֔ים (Adummim) – Root: אדום (Adom); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Adummim”; Notes: Place name.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces clause.
- מִנֶּ֖גֶב (min-Negev) – Root: נגב (Negev); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “south of”; Notes: Indicates location.
- לַנָּ֑חַל (la-naḥal) – Root: נחל (naḥal); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “to the wadi”; Notes: A seasonal river.
- וְעָבַ֤ר (ve-ʿavar) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it passed through”; Notes: Continues the border description.
- הַגְּבוּל֙ (ha-gevul) – Root: גבול (gevul); Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the border”; Notes: Boundary reference.
- אֶל־מֵי־עֵ֣ין (el-Mei-Ein) – Root: מים (mayim) & עין (ein); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with preposition; Translation: “to the waters of Ein”; Notes: Refers to a spring.
- שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ (Shemesh) – Root: שמש (Shemesh); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shemesh”; Notes: Place name.
- וְהָי֥וּ (ve-hayu) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “And they were”; Notes: Introduces result.
- תֹצְאֹתָ֖יו (totse’otav) – Root: יצא (yatsa); Form: Noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “its limits”; Notes: Refers to the border’s final boundary points.
- אֶל־עֵ֥ין (el-Ein) – Root: עין (ein); Form: Noun, feminine singular with preposition; Translation: “to Ein”; Notes: Refers to a spring.
- רֹגֵֽל׃ (Rogel) – Root: רגל (rogel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Rogel”; Notes: Name of a specific spring.