וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהֹושֻׁ֖עַ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עַד־אָ֨נָה֙ אַתֶּ֣ם מִתְרַפִּ֔ים לָבֹוא֙ לָרֶ֣שֶׁת אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן לָכֶ֔ם יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבֹֽותֵיכֶֽם׃
And Yehoshua said to the sons of Yisraʾel, “How long will you delay to go in to possess the land that YHWH, the God of your fathers, has given to you?
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֥אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾmr); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Narrative verb introducing direct speech.
- יְהֹושֻׁ֖עַ (Yehoshua) – Root: יהושע (Yhšʿ); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehoshua”; Notes: The leader of Yisra’el after Moshe.
- אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י (el-benei) – Root: בן (bn); Form: Preposition with construct noun, masculine plural; Translation: “to the sons of”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisra’el.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisra’el) – Root: ישראל (Yisra’el); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the nation of Israel.
- עַד־אָ֨נָה֙ (ʿad-anah) – Root: אנה (ʾnh); Form: Interrogative adverb; Translation: “How long”; Notes: Indicates impatience or exhortation.
- אַתֶּ֣ם (atem) – Root: אתם (ʾtm); Form: Independent pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you”; Notes: Emphasizes the subject.
- מִתְרַפִּ֔ים (mitrappim) – Root: רפה (rph); Form: Hitpael participle masculine plural; Translation: “are delaying”; Notes: Reflexive form indicating inaction.
- לָבֹוא֙ (lavo) – Root: בוא (bwʾ); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to go in”; Notes: Expresses purpose.
- לָרֶ֣שֶׁת (larešet) – Root: ירש (yrš); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to possess”; Notes: Refers to taking possession of the land.
- אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ (et-ha’aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾrṣ); Form: Noun, feminine singular definite; Translation: “the land”; Notes: The Promised Land.
- אֲשֶׁ֙ר (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾšr); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the clause explaining what YHWH has done.
- נָתַ֣ן (natan) – Root: נתן (ntn); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has given”; Notes: Completed action.
- לָכֶ֔ם (lachem) – Root: אתם (ʾtm); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Directs the statement to the people.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, the divine name of God.
- אֱלֹהֵ֥י (Elohei) – Root: אלה (ʾlh); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “the God of”; Notes: Construct form indicating possession.
- אֲבֹֽותֵיכֶֽם׃ (avoteikhem) – Root: אב (ʾb); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “your fathers”; Notes: Refers to the patriarchs of Yisra’el.