אֵ֛לֶּה הַטְּמֵאִ֥ים לָכֶ֖ם בְּכָל־הַשָּׁ֑רֶץ כָּל־הַנֹּגֵ֧עַ בָּהֶ֛ם בְּמֹתָ֖ם יִטְמָ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃
These are unclean to you among all the swarming things; whoever touches them when they are dead shall be unclean until the evening.
Morphology
- אֵ֛לֶּה (elleh) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, mp; Translation: “These”; Notes: Refers to the previously listed unclean swarming creatures.
- הַטְּמֵאִ֥ים (hatemeʾim) – Root: טמא (ṭ-m-ʾ); Form: Adjective, mp; Translation: “The unclean”; Notes: Declares these creatures as ritually impure.
- לָכֶ֖ם (lakhem) – Root: ל (l); Form: Preposition + pronoun, 2mp; Translation: “To you”; Notes: Directs the prohibition to the Israelites.
- בְּכָל־ (bekhol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Preposition + noun, ms construct; Translation: “Among all”; Notes: Includes all creatures in this category.
- הַשָּׁ֑רֶץ (hash-sheretz) – Root: שרץ (sh-r-ṣ); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “The swarming things”; Notes: Refers to small, creeping or flying creatures.
- כָּל־ (kol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Noun, ms construct; Translation: “Whoever”; Notes: Refers to any person who touches the carcasses.
- הַנֹּגֵ֧עַ (hannogeaʿ) – Root: נגע (n-g-ʿ); Form: Participle, Qal, ms; Translation: “Touches”; Notes: Describes the act of physical contact.
- בָּהֶ֛ם (bahem) – Root: ב (b) + הם (h-m); Form: Preposition + pronoun, 3mp; Translation: “Them”; Notes: Refers to the carcasses of the unclean swarming things.
- בְּמֹתָ֖ם (bemotam) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Preposition + noun, ms construct + 3mp suffix; Translation: “When they are dead”; Notes: Specifies the condition of the carcasses.
- יִטְמָ֥א (yitma) – Root: טמא (ṭ-m-ʾ); Form: Verb, Qal, imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “Shall become unclean”; Notes: Describes the resulting state of ritual impurity.
- עַד־ (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿ-d); Form: Preposition; Translation: “Until”; Notes: Indicates the duration of impurity.
- הָעָֽרֶב (haʿarev) – Root: ערב (ʿ-r-v); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “The evening”; Notes: Refers to the time when impurity ceases.