וּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֤ם אֶת־חֻקֹּתַי֙ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֔י אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָ֛ם הָאָדָ֖ם וָחַ֣י בָּהֶ֑ם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה׃ ס
And you shall keep My statutes and My judgments, which a person shall do, and by them he shall live. I am YHWH.
Morphology
- וּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֤ם (u-shemartem) – Root: שׁמר (sh-m-r); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “And you shall keep”; Notes: Commands the observance of statutes and judgments.
- אֶת־חֻקֹּתַי֙ (et-ḥukotai) – Root: חקק (ḥ-q-q); Form: Direct object marker + noun feminine plural construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My statutes”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s prescribed laws.
- וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֔י (ve-et-mishpatai) – Root: שׁפט (sh-p-t); Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + noun masculine plural construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “And My judgments”; Notes: Refers to legal decrees given by YHWH.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: —; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Which”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause.
- יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה (ya’aseh) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He shall do”; Notes: Indicates the action of following YHWH’s commands.
- אֹתָ֛ם (otam) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Them”; Notes: Refers back to the statutes and judgments.
- הָאָדָ֖ם (ha-adam) – Root: אדם (ʾ-d-m); Form: Noun masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “A person”; Notes: Refers to humanity in general.
- וָחַ֣י (va-ḥay) – Root: חיה (ḥ-y-h); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he shall live”; Notes: Indicates the result of following YHWH’s commands.
- בָּהֶ֑ם (bahem) – Root: ב (b) + הם (h-m); Form: Preposition + pronoun 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “By them”; Notes: Refers to the statutes and judgments.
- אֲנִ֖י (ani) – Root: אנ (ʾ-n); Form: Pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphasizes YHWH’s authority.
- יְהוָֽה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The personal name of Elohim.