אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ֙ אֶל־כָּל־שְׁאֵ֣ר בְּשָׂרֹ֔ו לֹ֥א תִקְרְב֖וּ לְגַלֹּ֣ות עֶרְוָ֑ה אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה׃ ס
No man shall approach any close relative to uncover their nakedness. I am YHWH.
Morphology
- אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ֙ (ish ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Noun masculine singular repeated for emphasis; Translation: “Man, man”; Notes: Emphasizes the universal application of the law to every man.
- אֶל־כָּל־שְׁאֵ֣ר (el-kol-she’er) – Root: שאר (sh-ʾ-r); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “To any close relative”; Notes: Refers to familial relationships.
- בְּשָׂרֹ֔ו (besaro) – Root: בשר (b-s-r); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His flesh”; Notes: Indicates familial proximity.
- לֹ֥א תִקְרְב֖וּ (lo tikrevu) – Root: קרב (q-r-v); Form: Negative particle + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “You shall not approach”; Notes: Prohibits physical closeness leading to uncovering nakedness.
- לְגַלֹּ֣ות (le-gallot) – Root: גלה (g-l-h); Form: Preposition + Piel infinitive construct; Translation: “To uncover”; Notes: Refers to revealing nakedness, implying sexual relations.
- עֶרְוָ֑ה (ervah) – Root: ערה (ʿ-r-h); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “Nakedness”; Notes: Refers to private parts, signifying shame or immorality.
- אֲנִ֖י (ani) – Root: אנ (ʾ-n); Form: Pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphasizes YHWH’s authority.
- יְהוָֽה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name affirming the command’s divine origin.