לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנְנִי֙ מְשַֽׁלֵּֽחֲךָ֔ מֵעַ֖ל פְּנֵ֣י הָאֲדָמָ֑ה הַשָּׁנָה֙ אַתָּ֣ה מֵ֔ת כִּֽי־סָרָ֥ה דִבַּ֖רְתָּ אֶל־יְהוָֽה׃
Therefore thus says YHWH, ‘Behold, I am sending you away from upon the face of the ground; this year you shall die, for you have spoken rebellion against YHWH.’”
Morphology
- לָכֵן (laken) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Therefore”; Notes: Introduces a conclusion or consequence based on the previous statement.
- כֹּה (koh) – Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Marks the beginning of a prophetic declaration.
- אָמַר (amar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “says”; Notes: Used here in the prophetic formula “thus says YHWH.”
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- הִנְנִי (hineni) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Interjection + 1st person common singular suffix; Translation: “Behold, I”; Notes: Calls attention to the speaker’s decisive action.
- מְשַׁלֵּחֲךָ (meshalleḥakha) – Root: שלח (shalach); Form: Piel participle masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “am sending you away”; Notes: The Piel form intensifies the action, indicating a forceful expulsion.
- מֵעַל (me-ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition with prefix mem; Translation: “from upon”; Notes: Denotes removal from a location or position.
- פְּנֵי (penei) – Root: פנה (panim); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “the face of”; Notes: Often used in idioms referring to presence or surface.
- הָאֲדָמָה (ha-adamah) – Root: אדמה (ʾadamah); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the ground”; Notes: Can refer to land or earth generally, or the cultivated soil.
- הַשָּׁנָה (ha-shanah) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “this year”; Notes: Specifies the time frame for the fulfillment of the prophecy.
- אַתָּה (atta) – Root: אתה (ʾatta); Form: Independent pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “you”; Notes: Directly addresses the condemned individual.
- מֵת (met) – Root: מות (mut); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “shall die”; Notes: In participial form with future sense, indicating certain impending death.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the previous statement.
- סָרָה (sarah) – Root: סרה (sarah); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “rebellion”; Notes: Refers to defection or turning away from rightful authority.
- דִבַּרְתָּ (dibarta) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you have spoken”; Notes: The Piel intensifies the act of speaking, implying deliberate, forceful communication.
- אֶל־יְהוָה (el-YHWH) – Root: הוה (YHWH); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “against YHWH”; Notes: Indicates the target of the rebellious speech.