וּלְקַחְתֶּ֨ם לָכֶ֜ם בַּיֹּ֣ום הָרִאשֹׁ֗ון פְּרִ֨י עֵ֤ץ הָדָר֙ כַּפֹּ֣ת תְּמָרִ֔ים וַעֲנַ֥ף עֵץ־עָבֹ֖ת וְעַרְבֵי־נָ֑חַל וּשְׂמַחְתֶּ֗ם לִפְנֵ֛י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים׃
And you shall take for yourselves on the first day the fruit of splendid trees, palm branches, boughs of leafy trees, and willows of the brook, and you shall rejoice before YHWH your God seven days.
Morphology
- וּלְקַחְתֶּ֨ם (u-l’qaḥtem) – Root: לקח (l-q-ḥ); Form: Conjunction ו with Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “And you shall take”; Notes: Command to gather specific items.
- לָכֶ֜ם (la-khem) – Root: לכם (l-kh-m); Form: Preposition ל with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “For yourselves”; Notes: Indicates personal involvement in the action.
- בַּיֹּ֣ום (ba-yom) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Preposition ב with masculine singular noun; Translation: “On the day”; Notes: Refers to the specified time.
- הָרִאשֹׁ֗ון (ha-rishon) – Root: ראש (r-ʾ-sh); Form: Masculine singular adjective; Translation: “The first”; Notes: Describes the first day of the feast.
- פְּרִ֨י (p’ri) – Root: פרי (p-r-y); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “Fruit”; Notes: Refers to the fruit to be taken.
- עֵ֤ץ (ʿets) – Root: עץ (ʿ-ṣ); Form: Masculine singular noun in construct; Translation: “Of tree”; Notes: Specifies the type of fruit.
- הָדָר֙ (hadar) – Root: הדר (h-d-r); Form: Masculine singular adjective; Translation: “Splendid”; Notes: Describes the fruit as beautiful or splendid.
- כַּפֹּ֣ת (kapot) – Root: כף (k-p); Form: Feminine plural noun; Translation: “Branches”; Notes: Refers to palm branches.
- תְּמָרִ֔ים (t’marim) – Root: תמר (t-m-r); Form: Masculine plural noun; Translation: “Of palms”; Notes: Specifies the type of branches.
- וַעֲנַ֥ף (va-ʿanaf) – Root: ענף (ʿ-n-p); Form: Conjunction ו with masculine singular noun; Translation: “And a bough”; Notes: Refers to a branch or bough.
- עֵץ־עָבֹ֖ת (ʿets-avot) – Root: עץ (ʿ-ṣ) / עבת (ʿ-v-t); Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “Of leafy trees”; Notes: Specifies the type of boughs.
- וְעַרְבֵי־נָ֑חַל (v’arvei-naḥal) – Root: ערב (ʿ-r-v) / נחל (n-ḥ-l); Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “And willows of the brook”; Notes: Describes the fourth item to be taken.
- וּשְׂמַחְתֶּ֗ם (u-s’maḥtem) – Root: שמח (s-m-ḥ); Form: Conjunction ו with Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “And you shall rejoice”; Notes: Command to celebrate joyfully.
- לִפְנֵ֛י (lifnei) – Root: פני (p-n-y); Form: Preposition ל with plural noun in construct; Translation: “Before”; Notes: Indicates being in the presence of YHWH.
- יְהוָ֥ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the divine name.
- אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם (eloheikhem) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Masculine plural construct noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Your God”; Notes: Indicates the relationship between YHWH and the Israelites.
- שִׁבְעַ֥ת (shivʿat) – Root: שבע (sh-b-ʿ); Form: Masculine plural numeral construct; Translation: “Seven”; Notes: Specifies the duration of the celebration.
- יָמִֽים (yamim) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Masculine plural noun; Translation: “Days”; Notes: Completes the time frame of rejoicing.