וְלֹ֤א תֹונוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־עֲמִיתֹ֔ו וְיָרֵ֖אתָ מֵֽאֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהֹוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃
And you shall not oppress your fellow, but you shall fear your God, for I am YHWH your God.
Morphology
- וְלֹ֤א (ve-lo) – Root: לא (l-ʾ); Form: Conjunction ו with negative particle; Translation: “And not”; Notes: Negates the following action.
- תֹונוּ֙ (tonu) – Root: אנה (ʾ-n-h); Form: Hifil imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “You shall oppress”; Notes: Refers to causing harm or exploitation.
- אִ֣ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “A man”; Notes: Refers to an individual person.
- אֶת־עֲמִיתֹ֔ו (et-amito) – Root: עמית (ʿ-m-y-t); Form: Direct object marker את with masculine singular noun and 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your fellow”; Notes: Refers to a fellow member of the community.
- וְיָרֵ֖אתָ (v’yar’eta) – Root: ירא (y-r-ʾ); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “But you shall fear”; Notes: Refers to reverence or respect, particularly for God.
- מֵֽאֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ (me’Elohecha) – Root: אלוה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Preposition מ with masculine plural noun and 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your God”; Notes: Indicates the object of reverence.
- כִּ֛י (ki) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the reason.
- אֲנִ֥י (ani) – Root: אנ (ʾ-n); Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
- יְהֹוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name.
- אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ (Eloheichem) – Root: אלוה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “Your God”; Notes: Indicates the relationship between YHWH and the people.