אֵ֠לֶּה הַֽחֻקִּ֣ים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִים֮ וְהַתֹּורֹת֒ אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן יְהוָ֔ה בֵּינֹ֕ו וּבֵ֖ין בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל בְּהַ֥ר סִינַ֖י בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה׃ פ
These are the statutes, the judgments, and the instructions that YHWH gave between Himself and the children of Yisra’el on Mount Sinai through Moshe.
Morphology
- אֵ֠לֶּה (elleh) – Root: אלה (ʾ-l-h); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural; Translation: “These”; Notes: Refers to the forthcoming statutes and laws.
- הַֽחֻקִּ֣ים (ha-ḥuqqim) – Root: חוק (ḥ-q-q); Form: Noun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “The statutes”; Notes: Refers to the decrees or divine laws.
- וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִים֮ (ve-ha-mishpatim) – Root: שפט (sh-p-ṭ); Form: Noun, masculine plural with conjunction and definite article; Translation: “And the judgments”; Notes: Denotes legal decisions or ordinances.
- וְהַתֹּורֹת֒ (ve-ha-torot) – Root: תורה (t-w-r-h); Form: Noun, feminine plural with conjunction and definite article; Translation: “And the instructions”; Notes: Refers to teachings or laws.
- אֲשֶׁר֙ (asher) – Root: Particle; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “That”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- נָתַ֣ן (natan) – Root: נתן (n-t-n); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He gave”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the giver of the laws.
- יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Sacred Tetragrammaton.
- בֵּינֹ֕ו (beino) – Root: בין (b-y-n); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular pronominal suffix; Translation: “Between Him”; Notes: Indicates the relationship between YHWH and Yisra’el.
- וּבֵ֖ין (u-vein) – Root: בין (b-y-n); Form: Preposition with conjunction; Translation: “And between”; Notes: Connects YHWH to Yisra’el.
- בְּנֵ֣י (bene) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “The children of”; Notes: Refers to Yisra’el.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisra’el) – Root: שרי (ś-r-y); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Denotes the people of Israel.
- בְּהַ֥ר (be-har) – Root: הר (h-r); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “On Mount”; Notes: Refers to the location, Mount Sinai.
- סִינַ֖י (Sinai) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Sinai”; Notes: Refers to the mountain where the laws were given.
- בְּיַד־ (be-yad) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with preposition; Translation: “Through the hand of”; Notes: Indicates the intermediary role of Moshe.
- מֹשֶֽׁה (Moshe) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: Refers to Moses as the mediator.