אֹ֣ו נֶ֗פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּגַּע֮ בְּכָל־דָּבָ֣ר טָמֵא֒ אֹו֩ בְנִבְלַ֨ת חַיָּ֜ה טְמֵאָ֗ה אֹ֤ו בְּנִבְלַת֙ בְּהֵמָ֣ה טְמֵאָ֔ה אֹ֕ו בְּנִבְלַ֖ת שֶׁ֣רֶץ טָמֵ֑א וְנֶעְלַ֣ם מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וְה֥וּא טָמֵ֖א וְאָשֵֽׁם׃
Or a soul who touches any unclean thing, whether the carcass of an unclean wild animal, or the carcass of an unclean domesticated animal, or the carcass of an unclean creeping thing, and it is hidden from him, and he is unclean and guilty.
Morphology
- אֹ֣ו (ʾo) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Or”; Notes: Connects alternative scenarios.
- נֶ֗פֶשׁ (nefesh) – Root: נפש (n-p-sh); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “A soul”; Notes: Refers to an individual person.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: N/A; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- תִּגַּע֮ (tigga) – Root: נגע (n-g-ʿ); Form: Verb, Qal, imperfect, 3fs; Translation: “Touches”; Notes: Describes the action of touching.
- בְּכָל־ (bekhol) – Root: כל (k-l); Form: Preposition + noun, ms; Translation: “Any”; Notes: Indicates inclusivity.
- דָּבָ֣ר (davar) – Root: דבר (d-v-r); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “Thing”; Notes: Refers to an unclean object.
- טָמֵא֒ (tame) – Root: טמא (t-m-ʾ); Form: Adjective, ms; Translation: “Unclean”; Notes: Describes the condition of the object.
- אֹו֩ (ʾo) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Or”; Notes: Continues alternative conditions.
- בְנִבְלַ֨ת (benivlat) – Root: נבל (n-v-l); Form: Preposition + noun, construct, fs; Translation: “The carcass of”; Notes: Refers to a dead body of an animal.
- חַיָּ֜ה (ḥayyah) – Root: חיה (ḥ-y-h); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “Wild animal”; Notes: Specifies the type of carcass.
- טְמֵאָ֗ה (temeʾah) – Root: טמא (t-m-ʾ); Form: Adjective, fs; Translation: “Unclean”; Notes: Describes the carcass.
- אֹ֤ו (ʾo) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Or”; Notes: Continues the list.
- בְּנִבְלַת֙ (benivlat) – Root: נבל (n-v-l); Form: Preposition + noun, construct, fs; Translation: “The carcass of”; Notes: Refers to a dead body of an animal.
- בְּהֵמָ֣ה (behemah) – Root: בהם (b-h-m); Form: Noun, fs; Translation: “Domesticated animal”; Notes: Specifies the type of carcass.
- טְמֵאָ֔ה (temeʾah) – Root: טמא (t-m-ʾ); Form: Adjective, fs; Translation: “Unclean”; Notes: Describes the carcass.
- אֹ֕ו (ʾo) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Or”; Notes: Introduces another condition.
- בְּנִבְלַ֖ת (benivlat) – Root: נבל (n-v-l); Form: Preposition + noun, construct, fs; Translation: “The carcass of”; Notes: Refers to a dead body of a creeping thing.
- שֶׁ֣רֶץ (sherets) – Root: שרץ (sh-r-ts); Form: Noun, ms; Translation: “Creeping thing”; Notes: Refers to small unclean animals.
- טָמֵ֑א (tame) – Root: טמא (t-m-ʾ); Form: Adjective, ms; Translation: “Unclean”; Notes: Describes the creeping thing.
- וְנֶעְלַ֣ם (veneʿlam) – Root: עלם (ʿ-l-m); Form: Conjunction + verb, Nifal, perfect, 3ms; Translation: “And it is hidden”; Notes: Indicates that the individual is unaware.
- מִמֶּ֔נּוּ (mimmennu) – Root: מן (m-n); Form: Preposition with 3ms suffix; Translation: “From him”; Notes: Refers to the person’s unawareness.
- וְה֥וּא (vehu) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + pronoun, 3ms; Translation: “And he”; Notes: Refers to the individual involved.
- טָמֵ֖א (tame) – Root: טמא (t-m-ʾ); Form: Adjective, ms; Translation: “Unclean”; Notes: Describes the state of the individual.
- וְאָשֵֽׁם (veʾashem) – Root: אשם (ʾ-sh-m); Form: Conjunction + verb, Qal, perfect, 3ms; Translation: “And is guilty”; Notes: Indicates the consequence of the action.