וַיְהִ֛י בִּנְסֹ֥עַ הָאָרֹ֖ן וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֑ה קוּמָ֣ה יְהוָ֗ה וְיָפֻ֨צוּ֙ אֹֽיְבֶ֔יךָ וְיָנֻ֥סוּ מְשַׂנְאֶ֖יךָ מִפָּנֶֽיךָ׃
And it came to pass, when the Ark set out, that Moshe said, “Arise, YHWH, and let Your enemies be scattered, and let those who hate You flee before You.”
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֛י (vayehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal waw consecutive imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Introduces the narrative event.
- בִּנְסֹ֥עַ (bi-nsoʿa) – Root: נסע (n-s-ʿ); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “When set out”; Notes: Describes the action of the Ark beginning its journey.
- הָאָרֹ֖ן (ha-aron) – Root: ארן (‘-r-n); Form: Masculine singular noun with definite article; Translation: “The Ark”; Notes: Refers to the Ark of the Covenant.
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (‘-m-r); Form: Qal waw consecutive imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Indicates speech by Moshe.
- מֹשֶׁ֑ה (Moshe) – Root: משה (m-sh-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: The speaker of the invocation.
- קוּמָ֣ה (qumah) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Form: Qal imperative 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “Arise”; Notes: A direct plea to YHWH.
- יְהוָ֗ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The one being addressed.
- וְיָפֻ֨צוּ֙ (veyafutsu) – Root: פוץ (p-w-ts); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive; Translation: “And let them be scattered”; Notes: Describes the dispersing of enemies.
- אֹֽיְבֶ֔יךָ (oyvecha) – Root: איב (‘-y-b); Form: Masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your enemies”; Notes: Refers to those opposing YHWH.
- וְיָנֻ֥סוּ (veyanusu) – Root: נוס (n-w-s); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive; Translation: “And let them flee”; Notes: Indicates rapid retreat.
- מְשַׂנְאֶ֖יךָ (mesanecha) – Root: שנא (s-n-ʾ); Form: Masculine plural participle with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Those who hate You”; Notes: Refers to those hostile to YHWH.
- מִפָּנֶֽיךָ׃ (mippanecha) – Root: פנה (p-n-h); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Before You”; Notes: Indicates their fleeing in the face of YHWH’s presence.