אֶ֚פֶס כִּֽי־עַ֣ז הָעָ֔ם הַיֹּשֵׁ֖ב בָּאָ֑רֶץ וְהֶֽעָרִ֗ים בְּצֻרֹ֤ות גְּדֹלֹת֙ מְאֹ֔ד וְגַם־יְלִדֵ֥י הָֽעֲנָ֖ק רָאִ֥ינוּ שָֽׁם׃
However, the people who dwell in the land are strong, and the cities are very large and fortified, and moreover, we saw the descendants of the ʿAnaq there.
Morphology
- אֶ֚פֶס (efes) – Root: אפס (ʾ-p-s); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “However”; Notes: Indicates a contrasting statement.
- כִּֽי־עַ֣ז (ki-ʿaz) – Root: עזז (ʿ-z-z); Form: Conjunction + adjective masculine singular; Translation: “For [they are] strong”; Notes: Describes the strength of the inhabitants.
- הָעָ֔ם (ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Definite masculine singular noun; Translation: “The people”; Notes: Refers to the inhabitants of the land.
- הַיֹּשֵׁ֖ב (ha-yoshev) – Root: ישב (y-sh-v); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “Who dwell”; Notes: Describes the inhabitants as living there.
- בָּאָ֑רֶץ (ba-ʾaretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Preposition + definite feminine singular noun; Translation: “In the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Kena’an.
- וְהֶֽעָרִ֗ים (ve-heʿarim) – Root: עיר (ʿ-y-r); Form: Conjunction + definite feminine plural noun; Translation: “And the cities”; Notes: Indicates the cities’ condition.
- בְּצֻרֹ֤ות (betzurot) – Root: בצר (b-ts-r); Form: Qal passive participle feminine plural; Translation: “Fortified”; Notes: Describes the cities as well-defended.
- גְּדֹלֹת֙ (gedolot) – Root: גדל (g-d-l); Form: Adjective feminine plural; Translation: “Large”; Notes: Describes the cities’ size.
- מְאֹ֔ד (meʾod) – Root: מאד (m-ʾ-d); Form: Masculine singular noun used as an adverb; Translation: “Very”; Notes: Intensifies the description of the cities.
- וְגַם (ve-gam) – Root: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “And also”; Notes: Adds further information about the inhabitants.
- יְלִדֵ֥י (yelidei) – Root: ילד (y-l-d); Form: Masculine plural construct; Translation: “The descendants of”; Notes: Refers to the lineage of the Anakim.
- הָֽעֲנָ֖ק (ha-ʿanaq) – Root: ענק (ʿ-n-q); Form: Definite masculine singular noun; Translation: “The Anakim”; Notes: Refers to the giant-like people.
- רָאִ֥ינוּ (raʾinu) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Qal perfect 1st person plural; Translation: “We saw”; Notes: Describes their observation.
- שָֽׁם (sham) – Root: Adverb; Translation: “There”; Notes: Indicates location.