וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה מֹ֥ות יוּמַ֖ת הָאִ֑ישׁ רָגֹ֨ום אֹתֹ֤ו בָֽאֲבָנִים֙ כָּל־הָ֣עֵדָ֔ה מִח֖וּץ לַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃
And YHWH said to Moshe, The man shall surely be put to death; the whole assembly shall stone him with stones outside the camp.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Marks the beginning of direct speech.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Singular; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The Tetragrammaton, referring to the LORD.
- אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה (el-Moshe) – Root: אל (ʾ-l) + Proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “To Moshe”; Notes: Specifies the recipient of the speech.
- מֹ֥ות (mot) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Infinitive absolute; Translation: “Surely”; Notes: Used for emphasis with the following finite verb.
- יוּמַ֖ת (yumat) – Root: מות (m-w-t); Form: Hofal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Shall be put to death”; Notes: Indicates a passive action.
- הָאִ֑ישׁ (ha-ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “The man”; Notes: Refers to the individual who violated the Sabbath.
- רָגֹ֨ום (ragom) – Root: רגם (r-g-m); Form: Qal infinitive absolute; Translation: “Shall stone”; Notes: Emphasizes the method of execution.
- אֹתֹ֤ו (oto) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Definite direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Him”; Notes: Refers to the man being punished.
- בָֽאֲבָנִים֙ (ba-avanim) – Root: אבן (ʾ-b-n); Form: Preposition + plural noun; Translation: “With stones”; Notes: Specifies the instrument of execution.
- כָּל־הָ֣עֵדָ֔ה (kol-ha-edah) – Root: עדה (ʿ-d-h); Form: Construct noun + definite noun; Translation: “The whole assembly”; Notes: Indicates communal involvement.
- מִח֖וּץ (miḥutz) – Root: חוץ (ḥ-w-ṣ); Form: Preposition + singular noun; Translation: “Outside”; Notes: Specifies the location of the execution.
- לַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה (la-machaneh) – Root: מחנה (m-ḥ-n-h); Form: Preposition + definite noun; Translation: “The camp”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite encampment.