וְכֹ֨ל אֲשֶׁר־יִגַּ֜ע עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה בַּֽחֲלַל־חֶ֨רֶב֙ אֹ֣ו בְמֵ֔ת אֹֽו־בְעֶ֥צֶם אָדָ֖ם אֹ֣ו בְקָ֑בֶר יִטְמָ֖א שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים׃
And whoever touches anything in the open field, whether one slain by the sword, or a dead body, or a human bone, or a grave, shall be unclean seven days.
Morphology
- וְכֹ֨ל (vechol) – Root: כלל (kalal); Form: Conjunction with noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “And whoever”; Notes: Refers to anyone in the specified condition.
- אֲשֶׁר־יִגַּ֜ע (asher-yigga) – Root: נגע (nagaʿ); Form: Relative pronoun with Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “who touches”; Notes: Describes physical contact.
- עַל־פְּנֵ֣י (al-penei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “on the surface of”; Notes: Refers to the open field.
- הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה (hasadeh) – Root: שדה (sadeh); Form: Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the field”; Notes: Indicates an open area.
- בַּֽחֲלַל־חֶ֨רֶב֙ (bachalal-cherev) – Root: חלל (chalal) and חרב (cherev); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “one slain by the sword”; Notes: Refers to a person killed in battle.
- אֹ֣ו (o) – Root: או (o); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “or”; Notes: Connects alternative cases.
- בְמֵ֔ת (bemet) – Root: מות (muth); Form: Preposition with noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a dead body”; Notes: Refers to a corpse.
- אֹֽו־בְעֶ֥צֶם (o-ve’etsem) – Root: עצם (etsem); Form: Conjunction with preposition and noun, masculine singular; Translation: “or a human bone”; Notes: Refers to skeletal remains.
- אָדָ֖ם (adam) – Root: אדם (adam); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “human”; Notes: Specifies the type of bone.
- אֹ֣ו בְקָ֑בֶר (o-vekaver) – Root: קבר (kever); Form: Conjunction with preposition and noun, masculine singular; Translation: “or a grave”; Notes: Refers to a burial site.
- יִטְמָ֖א (yitma) – Root: טמא (tame); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be unclean”; Notes: Indicates ritual impurity.
- שִׁבְעַ֥ת (shivʿat) – Root: שבע (shava); Form: Numeral, masculine singular construct; Translation: “seven”; Notes: Specifies the duration of impurity.
- יָמִֽים׃ (yamim) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “days”; Notes: Refers to the period of uncleanness.