וַיֵּרְד֤וּ אֲבֹתֵ֨ינוּ֙ מִצְרַ֔יְמָה וַנֵּ֥שֶׁב בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים וַיָּרֵ֥עוּ לָ֛נוּ מִצְרַ֖יִם וְלַאֲבֹתֵֽינוּ׃
And our fathers went down to Mitsrayim, and we lived in Mitsrayim many days, and the Mitsrayim dealt harshly with us and with our fathers.
Morphology
- וַיֵּרְד֤וּ (vayerdu) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And they went down”; Notes: Refers to the descent of the patriarchs to Mitsrayim.
- אֲבֹתֵ֨ינוּ֙ (avoteinu) – Root: אב (av); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “our fathers”; Notes: Refers to the patriarchs of Yisra’el.
- מִצְרַ֔יְמָה (Mitsraymah) – Root: מצר (mtsr); Form: Proper noun with directional he; Translation: “to Mitsrayim”; Notes: Indicates the destination.
- וַנֵּ֥שֶׁב (vanneshev) – Root: ישב (yashav); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and we lived”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites dwelling in Mitsrayim.
- בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם (beMitsrayim) – Root: מצר (mtsr); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “in Mitsrayim”; Notes: Specifies the location.
- יָמִ֣ים (yamim) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “days”; Notes: Refers to an extended period.
- רַבִּ֑ים (rabbim) – Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Adjective, masculine plural; Translation: “many”; Notes: Describes the duration of time spent in Mitsrayim.
- וַיָּרֵ֥עוּ (vayyare’u) – Root: רעע (ra’a); Form: Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and they dealt harshly”; Notes: Describes the oppression by the Mitsrites.
- לָ֛נוּ (lanu) – Root: לנו (lanu); Form: Preposition with 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “with us”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.
- מִצְרַ֖יִם (Mitsrayim) – Root: מצר (mtsr); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the Mitsrites”; Notes: Refers to the people of Mitsrayim.
- וְלַאֲבֹתֵֽינוּ׃ (vela’avoteinu) – Root: אב (av); Form: Conjunction with noun, masculine plural and 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “and with our fathers”; Notes: Refers to the shared oppression of the patriarchs.