וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־בִּלְעָ֔ם לֹ֥א תֵלֵ֖ךְ עִמָּהֶ֑ם לֹ֤א תָאֹר֙ אֶת־הָעָ֔ם כִּ֥י בָר֖וּךְ הֽוּא׃
And God said to Bilʿam, “You shall not go with them; you shall not curse the people, for they are blessed.”
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֤אמֶר (vayomer) – Root: אמר (amar); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And He said”; Notes: Refers to God speaking.
- אֱלֹהִים֙ (Elohim) – Root: אלה (eloh); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “God”; Notes: Refers to the divine being.
- אֶל־בִּלְעָ֔ם (el-Bilʿam) – Root: בלע (balaʿ); Form: Preposition with proper noun; Translation: “to Bilʿam”; Notes: Indicates the recipient of God’s words.
- לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following action.
- תֵלֵ֖ךְ (telekh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You shall go”; Notes: Negated by the particle לֹא.
- עִמָּהֶ֑ם (immam) – Root: עם (im); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “with them”; Notes: Refers to Balak’s messengers.
- לֹ֤א (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following action.
- תָאֹר֙ (ta’or) – Root: ארר (arar); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you shall curse”; Notes: Refers to the act of cursing Yisra’el.
- אֶת־הָעָ֔ם (et-ha’am) – Root: עם (am); Form: Direct object marker with noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Refers to Yisra’el.
- כִּ֥י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the command.
- בָר֖וּךְ (barukh) – Root: ברך (barakh); Form: Qal passive participle masculine singular; Translation: “blessed”; Notes: Describes the state of Yisra’el.
- הֽוּא׃ (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “he”; Notes: Refers to the people as a collective entity.