וְהָאִישׁ֩ אֲשֶׁר־ה֨וּא טָהֹ֜ור וּבְדֶ֣רֶךְ לֹא־הָיָ֗ה וְחָדַל֙ לַעֲשֹׂ֣ות הַפֶּ֔סַח וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מֵֽעַמֶּ֑יהָ כִּ֣י קָרְבַּ֣ן יְהוָ֗ה לֹ֤א הִקְרִיב֙ בְּמֹ֣עֲדֹ֔ו חֶטְאֹ֥ו יִשָּׂ֖א הָאִ֥ישׁ הַהֽוּא׃
But the man who is clean and is not on a journey, yet refrains from performing the Pesaḥ, that soul shall be cut off from its people, because he did not bring the offering of YHWH at its appointed time; that man shall bear his sin.
Morphology
- וְהָאִישׁ֩ (ve-ha’ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Masculine singular noun with conjunction and definite article; Translation: “But the man”; Notes: Refers to a specific individual.
- אֲשֶׁר־ (asher) – Root: אשר (ʾ-sh-r); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause.
- ה֨וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (h-w-ʾ); Form: Masculine singular pronoun; Translation: “He”; Notes: Refers back to “the man.”
- טָהֹ֜ור (tahor) – Root: טהר (ṭ-h-r); Form: Masculine singular adjective; Translation: “Clean”; Notes: Indicates ritual purity.
- וּבְדֶ֣רֶךְ (u-ve-derekh) – Root: דרך (d-r-k); Form: Masculine singular noun with conjunction and preposition; Translation: “And on a journey”; Notes: Refers to physical distance.
- לֹא־הָיָ֗ה (lo-hayah) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Was not”; Notes: Refers to the man not being on a journey.
- וְחָדַל֙ (ve-chadal) – Root: חדל (ḥ-d-l); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with conjunction; Translation: “And refrains”; Notes: Refers to inaction concerning the Pesaḥ.
- לַעֲשֹׂ֣ות (la’asot) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Qal infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “From performing”; Notes: Refers to the observance of the Pesaḥ.
- הַפֶּ֔סַח (ha-Pesaḥ) – Root: פסח (p-s-ḥ); Form: Masculine singular noun with definite article; Translation: “The Pesaḥ”; Notes: Refers to the Passover offering.
- וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה (ve-nikretah) – Root: כרת (k-r-t); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person feminine singular with conjunction; Translation: “Shall be cut off”; Notes: Refers to being excluded from the community.
- הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ (ha-nefesh) – Root: נפש (n-p-sh); Form: Feminine singular noun with definite article; Translation: “The soul”; Notes: Refers to the individual’s life.
- הַהִ֖וא (ha-hi) – Root: הוא (h-w-ʾ); Form: Feminine singular demonstrative pronoun; Translation: “That”; Notes: Refers back to “the soul.”
- מֵֽעַמֶּ֑יהָ (me-ammeha) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Masculine plural noun with preposition and 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “From its people”; Notes: Refers to exclusion from the community of Israel.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (k-y); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Because”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the punishment.
- קָרְבַּ֣ן (qorban) – Root: קרב (q-r-v); Form: Masculine singular noun; Translation: “The offering”; Notes: Refers to the sacrificial offering.
- יְהוָ֗ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (y-h-w-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the divine name.
- לֹ֤א (lo) – Root: לא (l-ʾ); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “Not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- הִקְרִיב֙ (hiqriv) – Root: קרב (q-r-v); Form: Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He brought”; Notes: Refers to the failure to offer the Pesaḥ.
- בְּמֹ֣עֲדֹ֔ו (be-mo’ado) – Root: יעד (y-ʿ-d); Form: Masculine singular noun with preposition and 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “At its appointed time”; Notes: Refers to the prescribed time for the Pesaḥ.
- חֶטְאֹ֥ו (chet’o) – Root: חטא (ḥ-ṭ-ʾ); Form: Masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His sin”; Notes: Refers to the guilt of the individual.
- יִשָּׂ֖א (yissa) – Root: נשא (n-s-ʾ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “He shall bear”; Notes: Refers to bearing the consequence of sin.
- הָאִ֥ישׁ (ha-ish) – Root: איש (ʾ-y-sh); Form: Masculine singular noun with definite article; Translation: “The man”; Notes: Refers to the specific individual.
- הַהֽוּא׃ (ha-hu) – Root: הוא (h-w-ʾ); Form: Masculine singular demonstrative pronoun; Translation: “That”; Notes: Refers back to “the man.”