רָאִ֡תָה כִּֽי־אַתָּ֤ה עָ֘מָ֤ל וָכַ֨עַס תַּבִּיט֮ לָתֵ֪ת בְּיָ֫דֶ֥ךָ עָ֭לֶיךָ יַעֲזֹ֣ב חֵלֶ֑כָה יָ֝תֹ֗ום אַתָּ֤ה הָיִ֬יתָ עֹוזֵֽר׃
You have seen. For You behold trouble and vexation to give into Your hand. Upon You the helpless leaves himself. Of the orphan You have been a helper.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | רָאִתָה | raʾitah | “You have seen” | Qal perfect 2ms |
| 2 | כִּי | ki | “for” | Conjunction |
| 3 | אַתָּה | attah | “You” | Independent pronoun 2ms |
| 4 | עָמָל | ʿamal | “trouble” | N(ms) |
| 5 | וָכַעַס | va-khaʿas | “and vexation” | Conj וְ + N(ms) |
| 6 | תַּבִּיט | tabbit | “You behold” | Hiphil imperfect 2ms |
| 7 | לָתֵת | latet | “to give” | Prep לְ + Qal infinitive construct |
| 8 | בְּיָדֶךָ | be-yadekha | “into Your hand” | Prep בְּ + N(fs) + suff 2ms |
| 9 | עָלֶיךָ | ʿalekha | “upon You” | Prep עַל + suff 2ms |
| 10 | יַעֲזֹב | yaʿazov | “he leaves” | Qal imperfect 3ms |
| 11 | חֵלֶכָה | ḥelekhah | “the helpless” | N(ms) |
| 12 | יָתֹום | yatom | “orphan” | N(ms) |
| 13 | אַתָּה | attah | “You” | Independent pronoun 2ms |
| 14 | הָיִיתָ | hayita | “You have been” | Qal perfect 2ms |
| 15 | עֹוזֵר | ʿozer | “helper” | Qal participle ms |
Morphology
- רָאִתָה (raʾitah) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Root Type: III-He (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You have seen”; Notes: Affirms that God has indeed observed the injustice done by the wicked.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle; Binyan: —; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the explanation for the preceding affirmation.
- אַתָּה (attah) – Root: —; Root Type: Pronoun; Binyan: —; Form: Independent personal pronoun 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You”; Notes: Emphatic subject referring directly to God.
- עָמָל (ʿamal) – Root: עמל (ʿamal); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: —; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “trouble”; Notes: Refers to oppressive toil, misery, or hardship inflicted on the vulnerable.
- וָכַעַס (va-khaʿas) – Root: כעס (kaʿas); Root Type: II-Guttural (weak); Binyan: —; Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and vexation”; Notes: Denotes provocation, grief, or vexing injury seen by God alongside the trouble.
- תַּבִּיט (tabbit) – Root: נבט (navat); Root Type: I-Nun (weak); Binyan: Hiphil; Form: Imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You behold”; Notes: The Hiphil form expresses directed attentive looking, not mere passive seeing.
- לָתֵת (latet) – Root: נתן (natan); Root Type: I-Nun (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct; Translation: “to give”; Notes: Expresses purpose, namely that God will hand the matter over for judgment or take it into action.
- בְּיָדֶךָ (be-yadekha) – Root: יד (yad); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: —; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “into Your hand”; Notes: The hand symbolizes God’s power, control, and judicial action.
- עָלֶיךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle with suffix; Binyan: —; Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “upon You”; Notes: Marks the one upon whom the helpless casts his dependence.
- יַעֲזֹב (yaʿazov) – Root: עזב (ʿazav); Root Type: I-Guttural (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he leaves”; Notes: Here it carries the sense of leaving one’s cause with another, that is, entrusting oneself to God.
- חֵלֶכָה (ḥelekhah) – Root: uncertain; Root Type: Uncertain; Binyan: —; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “the helpless”; Notes: Refers to the vulnerable sufferer who lacks protection and therefore entrusts himself to God.
- יָתֹום (yatom) – Root: יתם (yatom); Root Type: I-Yod (weak); Binyan: —; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “orphan”; Notes: A classic biblical image of defenselessness and social vulnerability.
- אַתָּה (attah) – Root: —; Root Type: Pronoun; Binyan: —; Form: Independent personal pronoun 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You”; Notes: Emphasizes that God Himself, and no other, is the defender of the orphan.
- הָיִיתָ (hayita) – Root: היה (hayah); Root Type: III-He (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “You have been”; Notes: Expresses God’s proven character and continuing record as defender.
- עֹוזֵר (ʿozer) – Root: עזר (ʿazar); Root Type: I-Guttural (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Active participle masculine singular; Translation: “helper”; Notes: Describes God as one who actively helps and sustains the orphan.