כִּֽי־הִלֵּ֣ל רָ֭שָׁע עַל־תַּאֲוַ֣ת נַפְשֹׁ֑ו וּבֹצֵ֥עַ בֵּ֝רֵ֗ךְ נִ֘אֵ֥ץ יְהוָֽה׃
For the wicked praises himself over the desire of his soul and the one greedy for gain blesses and despises YHWH.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כִּי | ki | “for” | Conjunction |
| 2 | הִלֵּל | hillel | “he praises” | Piel perfect 3ms |
| 3 | רָשָׁע | rashaʿ | “wicked one” | N(ms) |
| 4 | עַל | ʿal | “over / concerning” | Preposition |
| 5 | תַּאֲוַת | taʾavat | “desire of” | N(fs) construct |
| 6 | נַפְשֹׁו | nafsho | “his soul” | N(fs) + suff 3ms |
| 7 | וּבֹצֵעַ | u-botseʿa | “and one greedy for gain” | Conj וְ + Qal participle ms |
| 8 | בֵּרֵךְ | berekh | “he blesses” | Piel perfect 3ms |
| 9 | נִאֵץ | niʾets | “he despises” | Piel perfect 3ms |
| 10 | יְהוָה | YHWH | “YHWH” | Proper noun |
Morphology
- כִּי (ki) – Root: — ; Root Type: Particle; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the explanation describing the attitude of the wicked.
- הִלֵּל (hillel) – Root: הלל (h-l-l); Root Type: Geminate; Binyan: Piel; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he praises”; Notes: Describes self-congratulatory boasting of the wicked regarding his desires.
- רָשָׁע (rashaʿ) – Root: רשע (rashaʿ); Root Type: III-Guttural (weak); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “wicked one”; Notes: The subject who glorifies his own desires.
- עַל (ʿal) – Root: — ; Root Type: Particle; Form: Preposition עַל; Translation: “over / concerning”; Notes: Introduces the object about which the wicked boasts.
- תַּאֲוַת (taʾavat) – Root: אוה (ʾ-w-h); Root Type: I-Aleph (weak); Form: Noun feminine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “desire of”; Notes: Connects with the following word to form “the desire of his soul.”
- נַפְשֹׁו (nafsho) – Root: נפשׁ (n-p-sh); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his soul”; Notes: Indicates the personal inner craving or appetite of the wicked.
- וּבֹצֵעַ (u-botseʿa) – Root: בצע (b-ts-ʿ); Root Type: III-Guttural (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וְ + active participle masculine singular; Translation: “and the one greedy for gain”; Notes: Describes a person who violently seizes or greedily profits.
- בֵּרֵךְ (berekh) – Root: ברך (b-r-k); Root Type: III-Guttural (weak); Binyan: Piel; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he blesses”; Notes: Often interpreted ironically, meaning he congratulates or blesses the greedy.
- נִאֵץ (niʾets) – Root: נאץ (n-ʾ-ts); Root Type: II-Aleph (weak); Binyan: Piel; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he despises”; Notes: Indicates contempt or rejection directed toward YHWH.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: — ; Root Type: Proper divine name; Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel who is despised by the wicked.