קוּמָ֤ה יְהוָ֗ה קַדְּמָ֣ה פָ֭נָיו הַכְרִיעֵ֑הוּ פַּלְּטָ֥ה נַ֝פְשִׁ֗י מֵרָשָׁ֥ע חַרְבֶּֽךָ׃
Arise, O YHWH. Confront his face. Bring him low. Deliver my soul from the wicked one, by Your sword.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | קוּמָה | qumah | “arise” | Qal imperative 2ms + paragogic ה |
| 2 | יְהוָה | YHWH | “YHWH” | Proper divine name |
| 3 | קַדְּמָה | qadmah | “confront / go before” | Piel imperative 2ms + paragogic ה |
| 4 | פָנָיו | fanav | “his face” | Noun mp + suffix 3ms |
| 5 | הַכְרִיעֵהוּ | hakhriʿehu | “bring him low” | Hiphil imperative 2ms + suffix 3ms |
| 6 | פַּלְּטָה | palṭah | “deliver” | Piel imperative 2ms + paragogic ה |
| 7 | נַפְשִׁי | nafshi | “my soul” | Noun fs + suffix 1cs |
| 8 | מֵרָשָׁע | me-rashaʿ | “from the wicked one” | Prep מִן + noun ms |
| 9 | חַרְבֶּךָ | ḥarbekha | “Your sword” | Noun fs + suffix 2ms |
Morphology
- קוּמָה (qumah) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Root Type: Hollow; Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperative 2nd person masculine singular + paragogic ה; Translation: “Arise”; Notes: A petition asking YHWH to rise in action, a common poetic call for divine intervention.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: —; Root Type: Proper name; Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel, addressed directly in prayer.
- קַדְּמָה (qadmah) – Root: קדם (q-d-m); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Piel; Form: Imperative 2nd person masculine singular + paragogic ה; Translation: “Confront” or “go before”; Notes: Calls upon YHWH to move ahead of the enemy and intercept him.
- פָנָיו (fanav) – Root: פנה (p-n-h); Root Type: III-He; Form: Noun masculine plural + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his face”; Notes: “Face” represents presence or direct confrontation with the enemy.
- הַכְרִיעֵהוּ (hakhriʿehu) – Root: כרע (k-r-ʿ); Root Type: III-Guttural; Binyan: Hiphil; Form: Imperative 2nd person masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Bring him low”; Notes: Hiphil expresses causation, asking YHWH to cause the enemy to kneel or fall.
- פַּלְּטָה (palṭah) – Root: פלט (p-l-ṭ); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Piel; Form: Imperative 2nd person masculine singular + paragogic ה; Translation: “Deliver”; Notes: An urgent request for rescue or escape granted by divine intervention.
- נַפְשִׁי (nafshi) – Root: נפשׁ (n-p-sh); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “my soul”; Notes: Refers to the psalmist’s life or entire self.
- מֵרָשָׁע (me-rashaʿ) – Root: רשע (r-š-ʿ); Root Type: III-Guttural; Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the wicked one”; Notes: Indicates the source of danger from which deliverance is sought.
- חַרְבֶּךָ (ḥarbekha) – Root: חרב (ḥ-r-b); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “Your sword”; Notes: A metaphor for divine judgment and power executed against the wicked.