מִפְּנֵ֣י רְ֭שָׁעִים ז֣וּ שַׁדּ֑וּנִי אֹיְבַ֥י בְּ֝נֶ֗פֶשׁ יַקִּ֥יפוּ עָלָֽי׃
From the face of wicked ones who devastate me. My enemies in soul surround me.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | מִפְּנֵי | mippenei | “from before” | Prep מִן + N(mp) construct |
| 2 | רְשָׁעִים | reshaʿim | “wicked ones” | N(mp) |
| 3 | זוּ | zu | “who” | Relative particle |
| 4 | שַׁדּוּנִי | shadduni | “they devastate me” | Qal perfect 3cp + suff 1cs |
| 5 | אֹיְבַי | ʾoyevay | “my enemies” | N(mp) + suff 1cs |
| 6 | בְּנֶפֶשׁ | benefesh | “in soul” | Prep בְּ + N(fs) |
| 7 | יַקִּיפוּ | yaqqifu | “they surround” | Hiphil imperfect 3mp |
| 8 | עָלָי | ʿalay | “upon me” | Prep עַל + suff 1cs |
Morphology
- מִפְּנֵי (mippenei) – Root: פנה (p-n-h); Root Type: III-He (weak); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine plural construct (state: construct); Translation: “from the face of”; Notes: Indicates separation or protection from hostile presence.
- רְשָׁעִים (reshaʿim) – Root: רשע (r-š-ʿ); Root Type: III-Guttural (ע) (weak); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “wicked ones”; Notes: Refers to morally corrupt or hostile individuals.
- זוּ (zu) – Root: — ; Root Type: Particle; Form: Relative particle; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause describing the wicked.
- שַׁדּוּנִי (shadduni) – Root: שׁדד (š-d-d); Root Type: Geminate; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person common plural + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “they devastate me”; Notes: Describes violent oppression or destruction directed against the speaker.
- אֹיְבַי (ʾoyevay) – Root: איב (ʾ-y-b); Root Type: I-Guttural (א) (weak); Form: Noun masculine plural + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “my enemies”; Notes: Those personally hostile toward the speaker.
- בְּנֶפֶשׁ (benefesh) – Root: נפשׁ (n-p-š); Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “in soul”; Notes: Indicates intensity or inner hostility.
- יַקִּיפוּ (yaqqifu) – Root: נקף (n-q-p); Root Type: I-Nun (weak); Binyan: Hiphil; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they surround”; Notes: Depicts enemies encircling the speaker.
- עָלָי (ʿalay) – Root: — ; Root Type: Particle; Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “upon me”; Notes: Indicates the target of the hostile encirclement.