לַמְנַצֵּ֤חַ לְעֶ֥בֶד יְהוָ֗ה לְדָ֫וִ֥ד אֲשֶׁ֤ר דִּבֶּ֨ר לַיהוָ֗ה אֶת־֭דִּבְרֵי הַשִּׁירָ֣ה הַזֹּ֑את בְּיֹ֤ום הִֽצִּיל־יְהוָ֘ה אֹותֹ֥ו מִכַּ֥ף כָּל־֝אֹיְבָ֗יו וּמִיַּ֥ד שָׁאֽוּל׃
For the Chief Musician, belonging to the servant of YHWH, to Dawid, who spoke to YHWH the words of this song in the day when YHWH delivered him from the palm of all his enemies and from the hand of Shaʾul.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | לַמְנַצֵּחַ | la-menatseach | “for the chief musician” | Prep לְ + Piel participle ms |
| 2 | לְעֶבֶד | le-ʿeved | “to the servant of” | Prep לְ + noun ms construct |
| 3 | יְהוָה | YHWH | “YHWH” | Proper divine name |
| 4 | לְדָוִד | le-Dawid | “to Dawid” | Prep לְ + proper name |
| 5 | אֲשֶׁר | ʾasher | “who” | Relative pronoun |
| 6 | דִּבֶּר | dibber | “he spoke” | Piel perfect 3ms |
| 7 | לַיהוָה | la-YHWH | “to YHWH” | Prep לְ + proper divine name |
| 8 | אֶת | ʾet | “(direct object marker)” | Direct object marker |
| 9 | דִּבְרֵי | divrei | “words of” | Noun mp construct |
| 10 | הַשִּׁירָה | ha-shirah | “the song” | Def art הַ + noun fs |
| 11 | הַזֹּאת | ha-zot | “this” | Def art הַ + demonstrative fs |
| 12 | בְּיוֹם | be-yom | “in the day” | Prep בְּ + noun ms |
| 13 | הִצִּיל | hitzil | “he delivered” | Hiphil perfect 3ms |
| 14 | יְהוָה | YHWH | “YHWH” | Proper divine name |
| 15 | אֹתוֹ | oto | “him” | Direct object pronoun 3ms |
| 16 | מִכַּף | mi-kaf | “from the palm of” | Prep מִן + noun fs construct |
| 17 | כָּל | kol | “all” | Noun ms construct (quantifier) |
| 18 | אֹיְבָיו | oyevav | “his enemies” | Noun mp + suffix 3ms |
| 19 | וּמִיַּד | u-mi-yad | “and from the hand of” | Conj וְ + Prep מִן + noun fs construct |
| 20 | שָׁאוּל | Shaʾul | “Shaʾul” | Proper name |
Morphology
- לַמְנַצֵּחַ (la-menatseach) – Root: נצל / נצח (n-ṣ-ḥ); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Piel; Form: Preposition לְ + definite article assimilated + Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “For the Chief Musician”; Notes: A liturgical heading indicating the director of musical performance in the temple.
- לְעֶבֶד (le-ʿeved) – Root: עבד (ʿ-b-d); Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “to the servant of”; Notes: Introduces Dawid’s designation as the servant of YHWH.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: —; Root Type: Proper divine name; Form: Proper name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- לְדָוִד (le-Dawid) – Root: דוד; Root Type: Proper name; Form: Preposition לְ + proper name; Translation: “to Dawid”; Notes: Indicates authorship or association with Dawid.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר; Root Type: Strong; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces the clause describing Dawid’s act of speaking this song.
- דִּבֶּר (dibber) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Piel; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he spoke”; Notes: The Piel intensifies the verbal act, referring to the formal recitation of the song.
- לַיהוָה (la-YHWH) – Root: —; Root Type: Proper divine name; Form: Preposition לְ + proper name; Translation: “to YHWH”; Notes: Indicates the addressee of the song.
- אֶת (ʾet) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: “(marker of the direct object)”; Notes: Introduces the object “the words of this song.”
- דִּבְרֵי (divrei) – Root: דבר; Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine plural construct (state: construct); Translation: “words of”; Notes: Introduces the construct phrase describing the contents of the song.
- הַשִּׁירָה (ha-shirah) – Root: שׁיר (š-y-r); Root Type: Hollow; Form: Definite article הַ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “the song”; Notes: Refers to the poetic composition attributed to Dawid.
- הַזֹּאת (ha-zot) – Root: זה; Root Type: Demonstrative; Form: Definite article הַ + demonstrative feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the particular song being referenced.
- בְּיוֹם (be-yom) – Root: יום; Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “in the day”; Notes: Introduces the temporal clause.
- הִצִּיל (hitzil) – Root: נצל (n-ṣ-l); Root Type: I-Nun (weak); Binyan: Hiphil; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he delivered”; Notes: The causative Hiphil expresses rescue or deliverance by divine intervention.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: —; Root Type: Proper divine name; Form: Proper name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the verb “delivered.”
- אֹתוֹ (oto) – Root: —; Root Type: Pronoun; Form: Direct object pronoun 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “him”; Notes: Refers to Dawid as the one delivered.
- מִכַּף (mi-kaf) – Root: כף (k-p); Root Type: Strong; Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “from the palm of”; Notes: “Palm” symbolizes control or power.
- כָּל (kol) – Root: כל; Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular construct used as quantifier; Translation: “all”; Notes: Governs the following plural noun.
- אֹיְבָיו (oyevav) – Root: איב (ʾ-y-b); Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Noun masculine plural + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “his enemies”; Notes: Refers broadly to Dawid’s adversaries.
- וּמִיַּד (u-mi-yad) – Root: יד; Root Type: I-Yod; Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition מִן + noun feminine singular construct (state: construct); Translation: “and from the hand of”; Notes: Another idiom of power or control.
- שָׁאוּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שׁאל; Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Proper name; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: The king of Yisraʾel who pursued Dawid.