וַיֵּ֣ט שָׁ֭מַיִם וַיֵּרַ֑ד וַ֝עֲרָפֶ֗ל תַּ֣חַת רַגְלָֽיו׃
And He stretched out the heavens, and He came down, and thick darkness was under His feet.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַיֵּט | va-yyeṭ | “and He stretched out” | Qal wayyiqtol 3ms |
| 2 | שָׁמַיִם | shamayim | “heavens” | Noun mp |
| 3 | וַיֵּרַד | va-yyerad | “and He came down” | Qal wayyiqtol 3ms |
| 4 | וַעֲרָפֶל | va-ʿarafel | “and thick darkness” | Conjunction וְ + noun ms |
| 5 | תַּחַת | taḥat | “under” | Preposition |
| 6 | רַגְלָיו | raglav | “His feet” | Noun fp + suffix 3ms |
Morphology
- וַיֵּט (va-yyeṭ) – Root: נטה (naṭah); Root Type: III-He; Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וַ + wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He stretched out”; Notes: The verb depicts YHWH bending or inclining the heavens in theophanic descent.
- שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) – Root: שׁמי (sh-m-y) (lexical form שָׁמַיִם); Root Type: Irregular plural/dual form; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “the heavens”; Notes: Refers to the sky or celestial realm, here portrayed as being bent downward by YHWH.
- וַיֵּרַד (va-yyerad) – Root: ירד (yarad); Root Type: I-Yod; Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וַ + wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and He came down”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s dramatic descent in response to the psalmist’s cry.
- וַעֲרָפֶל (va-ʿarafel) – Root: ערפל (ʿ-r-p-l); Root Type: Strong; Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and thick darkness”; Notes: A term for dense storm-darkness or gloom, often associated with divine majesty and concealment.
- תַּחַת (taḥat) – Root: —; Root Type: Prepositional form; Form: Preposition; Translation: “under”; Notes: Marks the spatial relation of the darkness beneath YHWH’s feet.
- רַגְלָיו (raglav) – Root: רגל (regel); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun feminine plural + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “His feet”; Notes: Anthropomorphic imagery portraying YHWH as descending in royal and terrifying presence.