וַתִּגְעַ֬שׁ וַתִּרְעַ֨שׁ הָאָ֗רֶץ וּמֹוסְדֵ֣י הָרִ֣ים יִרְגָּ֑זוּ וַ֝יִּתְגָּֽעֲשׁ֗וּ כִּי־חָ֥רָה לֹֽו׃
And the earth shook and quaked, and the foundations of the mountains trembled, and they were shaken, because anger burned in Him.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַתִּגְעַשׁ | vattigʿash | “and it shook” | Qal wayyiqtol 3fs |
| 2 | וַתִּרְעַשׁ | vattirʿash | “and it quaked” | Qal wayyiqtol 3fs |
| 3 | הָאָרֶץ | ha-ʾarets | “the earth” | Def art הַ + noun fs |
| 4 | וּמֹוסְדֵי | u-mosdei | “and foundations of” | Conj וְ + noun mp construct |
| 5 | הָרִים | harim | “the mountains” | Def art הַ + noun mp |
| 6 | יִרְגָּזוּ | yirgazu | “they tremble” | Qal imperfect 3mp |
| 7 | וַיִּתְגָּעֲשׁוּ | vayyitgaʿashu | “and they were shaken” | Hitpael wayyiqtol 3mp |
| 8 | כִּי | ki | “because” | Conjunction |
| 9 | חָרָה | ḥarah | “burned / was kindled” | Qal perfect 3ms |
| 10 | לֹו | lo | “to Him / in Him” | Prep לְ + suffix 3ms |
Morphology
- וַתִּגְעַשׁ (vattigʿash) – Root: געשׁ; Root Type: III-Guttural; Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וַ + wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “And it shook”; Notes: Refers to the earth trembling.
- וַתִּרְעַשׁ (vattirʿash) – Root: רעשׁ; Root Type: III-Guttural; Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וַ + wayyiqtol 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “and it quaked”; Notes: Parallel verb intensifying the description of the earthquake.
- הָאָרֶץ (ha-ʾarets) – Root: ארץ; Root Type: I-Guttural; Form: Definite article הַ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “the earth”; Notes: Subject of the first verbs.
- וּמֹוסְדֵי (u-mosdei) – Root: יסד; Root Type: I-Yod; Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “and foundations of”; Notes: Refers to the structural base of mountains.
- הָרִים (harim) – Root: הרר; Root Type: Geminate; Form: Definite article הַ + noun masculine plural; Translation: “the mountains”; Notes: Completes the construct phrase.
- יִרְגָּזוּ (yirgazu) – Root: רגז; Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they tremble”; Notes: Describes shaking of the mountain foundations.
- וַיִּתְגָּעֲשׁוּ (vayyitgaʿashu) – Root: געשׁ; Root Type: III-Guttural; Binyan: Hitpael; Form: Conjunction וַ + wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they were shaken violently”; Notes: Reflexive/intensive shaking.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces the causal explanation.
- חָרָה (ḥarah) – Root: חרה; Root Type: III-He; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “burned / was kindled”; Notes: Idiom for burning anger.
- לֹו (lo) – Root: —; Root Type: Particle; Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “to Him / in Him”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the one whose anger burns.