כִּ֤י אָפְפ֥וּ־עָלַ֨י רָעֹ֡ות עַד־אֵ֬ין מִסְפָּ֗ר הִשִּׂיג֣וּנִי עֲ֭וֹנֹתַי וְלֹא־יָכֹ֣לְתִּי לִרְאֹ֑ות עָצְמ֥וּ מִשַּֽׂעֲרֹ֥ות רֹ֝אשִׁ֗י וְלִבִּ֥י עֲזָבָֽנִי׃
For evils have surrounded me upon me until there is no number, my iniquities have overtaken me, and I was not able to see; they are more numerous than the hairs of my head, and my heart has forsaken me.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כִּי | ki | “for” | Conjunction |
| 2 | אָפְפוּ | ʾafefu | “they surrounded” | Qal perfect 3cp |
| 3 | עָלַי | ʿalay | “upon me” | Prep עַל + suff 1cs |
| 4 | רָעוֹת | raʿot | “evils” | N(fp) |
| 5 | עַד | ʿad | “until” | Preposition |
| 6 | אֵין | ʾein | “there is not” | Negative existential |
| 7 | מִסְפָּר | mispar | “number” | N(ms) |
| 8 | הִשִּׂיגוּנִי | hissigu-ni | “they overtook me” | Hiphil perfect 3cp + suff 1cs |
| 9 | עֲוֹנֹתַי | ʿavonotay | “my iniquities” | N(fp) + suff 1cs |
| 10 | וְלֹא | ve-lo | “and not” | Conj + neg |
| 11 | יָכֹלְתִּי | yakholti | “I was able” | Qal perfect 1cs |
| 12 | לִרְאוֹת | lirʾot | “to see” | Infinitive construct |
| 13 | עָצְמוּ | ʿatsmu | “they are numerous” | Qal perfect 3cp |
| 14 | מִשַּׂעֲרוֹת | mi-saʿarot | “than the hairs of” | Prep מִן + N(fp) construct |
| 15 | רֹאשִׁי | roshi | “my head” | N(ms) + suff 1cs |
| 16 | וְלִבִּי | ve-libi | “and my heart” | Conj + N(ms) + suff 1cs |
| 17 | עֲזָבָנִי | ʿazavani | “has forsaken me” | Qal perfect 3ms + suff 1cs |
Morphology
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Root Type: Particle (Strong); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces causal explanation.
- אָפְפוּ (ʾafefu) – Root: אפף (ʾ-p-p); Root Type: Geminate; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “they surrounded”; Notes: Describes enclosing or encircling action.
- עָלַי (ʿalay) – Root: על (ʿal); Root Type: Particle (Strong); Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “upon me”; Notes: Indicates pressure or burden directed toward the speaker.
- רָעוֹת (raʿot) – Root: רעע (r-ʿ-ʿ); Root Type: Geminate; Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “evils”; Notes: Refers to troubles or calamities.
- עַד (ʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Root Type: Particle (Strong); Form: Preposition; Translation: “until”; Notes: Marks extent or limit.
- אֵין (ʾein) – Root: אין (ʾein); Root Type: I-Aleph (weak); Form: Negative existential particle; Translation: “there is not”; Notes: Denotes non-existence.
- מִסְפָּר (mispar) – Root: ספר (s-p-r); Root Type: Strong; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “number”; Notes: Refers to countable quantity.
- הִשִּׂיגוּנִי (hissiguni) – Root: נשׂג (n-ś-g); Root Type: I-Nun (weak); Binyan: Hiphil; Form: Perfect 3rd person common plural + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “they overtook me”; Notes: Indicates catching up or overwhelming.
- עֲוֹנֹתַי (ʿavonotay) – Root: עון (ʿ-w-n); Root Type: Hollow; Form: Noun masculine plural + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “my iniquities”; Notes: Moral guilt attributed to the speaker.
- וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Root Type: Particle (Strong); Form: Conjunction וְ + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Continues negation.
- יָכֹלְתִּי (yakholti) – Root: יכל (y-k-l); Root Type: I-Yod (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I was able”; Notes: Expresses inability in context.
- לִרְאוֹת (lirʾot) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Root Type: III-He (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Preposition לְ + infinitive construct; Translation: “to see”; Notes: Indicates perception or comprehension.
- עָצְמוּ (ʿatsmu) – Root: עצם (ʿ-ṣ-m); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “they are numerous”; Notes: Indicates strength or abundance.
- מִשַּׂעֲרוֹת (mi-saʿarot) – Root: שער (ś-ʿ-r); Root Type: II-Guttural; Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine plural construct (state: construct); Translation: “than the hairs of”; Notes: Comparative expression of multitude.
- רֹאשִׁי (roshi) – Root: ראשׁ (r-ʾ-š); Root Type: I-Guttural (א); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “my head”; Notes: Physical reference used metaphorically.
- וְלִבִּי (ve-libi) – Root: לבב (l-b-b); Root Type: Geminate; Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “and my heart”; Notes: Represents inner being or courage.
- עֲזָבָנִי (ʿazavani) – Root: עזב (ʿ-z-b); Root Type: Strong; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person masculine singular + suffix 1st person common singular; Translation: “has forsaken me”; Notes: Conveys abandonment or loss of strength.