וְהָי֤וּ כְגִבֹּור֙ אֶפְרַ֔יִם וְשָׂמַ֥ח לִבָּ֖ם כְּמֹו־יָ֑יִן וּבְנֵיהֶם֙ יִרְא֣וּ וְשָׂמֵ֔חוּ יָגֵ֥ל לִבָּ֖ם בַּיהוָֽה׃
And they will be like a warrior, Efrayim, and their heart will rejoice like wine, and their sons will see and rejoice; their heart will exult in YHWH.
Morphology
- וְהָיוּ (ve-hayu) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they will be”; Notes: Prophetic perfect expressing a certain future condition.
- כְגִבֹּור (ke-gibbor) – Root: גבר (gavar); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “like a warrior”; Notes: Simile emphasizing strength and valor.
- אֶפְרַיִם (Ephrayim) – Root: פרה (parah); Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Ephrayim”; Notes: Represents the northern tribes restored to strength.
- וְשָׂמַח (ve-samach) – Root: שׂמח (samach); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and rejoiced” or “and will rejoice”; Notes: Expresses inward joy as a settled state.
- לִבָּם (libbam) – Root: לבב (levav); Form: Noun masculine singular with suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their heart”; Notes: In Hebrew thought, the center of will and emotion.
- כְּמֹו־יָיִן (kemo-yayin) – Root: יין (yayin); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “like wine”; Notes: Image of gladness and abundance.
- וּבְנֵיהֶם (u-venehem) – Root: בן (ben); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine plural construct with suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and their sons”; Notes: Extends the joy to the next generation.
- יִרְאוּ (yirʾu) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they will see”; Notes: Perception of restoration produces joy.
- וְשָׂמֵחוּ (ve-samechu) – Root: שׂמח (samach); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they rejoiced” or “and they will rejoice”; Notes: Communal response of gladness.
- יָגֵל (yagel) – Root: גיל (gil); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “will exult”; Notes: Strong expression of joyful celebration.
- לִבָּם (libbam) – Root: לבב (levav); Form: Noun masculine singular with suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their heart”; Notes: Repetition heightens emotional emphasis.
- בַּיהוָה (ba-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Preposition בְּ + proper name; Translation: “in YHWH”; Notes: Source and focus of their joy is YHWH himself.