1 Kings 11:23

וַיָּ֨קֶם אֱלֹהִ֥ים לֹו֙ שָׂטָ֔ן אֶת־רְזֹ֖ון בֶּן־אֶלְיָדָ֑ע אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּרַ֗ח מֵאֵ֛ת הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר מֶֽלֶךְ־צֹובָ֖ה אֲדֹנָֽיו׃

And God raised up for him an adversary: Rezon son of Elyadaʿ, who had fled from Hadadʿezer king of Tsova, his master.

Morphology

1. וַיָּ֨קֶם (va-yaqem) – Root: קום (q.w.m); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He raised up”; Notes: Causative action attributed to God.
2. אֱלֹהִ֥ים (Elohim) – Root: אל (ʾ.l); Form: Noun, masculine plural in form but treated as singular when referring to the true God; Translation: “God”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
3. לֹו֙ (lo) – Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “for him”; Notes: Refers to Shelomoh, against whom the adversary is raised.
4. שָׂטָ֔ן (satan) – Root: שׂטן (ś.t.n); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “adversary”; Notes: Political or military foe, not diabolical.
5. אֶת־רְזֹ֖ון (et-Rezon) – Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Rezon”; Notes: Name of the adversary raised up.
6. בֶּן־אֶלְיָדָ֑ע (ben-Elyadaʿ) – Root: בן (b.n) + אלידע (ʾ.l.y.d.ʿ); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Elyadaʿ”; Notes: Genealogical identification of Rezon.
7. אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
8. בָּרַ֗ח (barach) – Root: ברח (b.r.ḥ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “fled”; Notes: Describes Rezon’s background.
9. מֵאֵ֛ת (meʾet) – Root: את (ʾ.t); Form: Preposition; Translation: “from”; Notes: Indicates source or separation.
10. הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר (Hadadʿezer) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Hadadʿezer”; Notes: King from whom Rezon fled.
11. מֶֽלֶךְ־צֹובָ֖ה (melekh-Tsovah) – Root: מלך (m.l.k) + צובה (ts.v.b); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “king of Tsoḇah”; Notes: Location over which Hadadʿezer ruled.
12. אֲדֹנָֽיו (adonayv) – Root: אדן (ʾ.d.n); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his master”; Notes: Refers to Rezon’s former lord, Hadadʿezer.