וָאֶקְרַ֤ע אֶת־הַמַּמְלָכָה֙ מִבֵּ֣ית דָּוִ֔ד וָאֶתְּנֶ֖הָ לָ֑ךְ וְלֹֽא־הָיִ֜יתָ כְּעַבְדִּ֣י דָוִ֗ד אֲשֶׁר֩ שָׁמַ֨ר מִצְוֹתַ֜י וַאֲשֶׁר־הָלַ֤ךְ אַחֲרַי֙ בְּכָל־לְבָבֹ֔ו לַעֲשֹׂ֕ות רַ֖ק הַיָּשָׁ֥ר בְּעֵינָֽי׃
And I tore the kingdom away from the house of Dawid and gave it to you. But you have not been like My servant Dawid, who kept My commandments and who walked after Me with all his heart, to do only what is right in My eyes.
Morphology
- וָאֶקְרַ֤ע (vaʾeqraʿ) – Root: קרע; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 1st person masculine singular; Translation: “And I tore”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s act of division.
- אֶת־הַמַּמְלָכָה (et-hammamlakhah) – Root: מלך; Form: Accusative marker + definite noun, feminine singular; Translation: “the kingdom”; Notes: Direct object of “I tore.”
- מִבֵּ֣ית דָּוִ֔ד (mibbeit Dawid) – Root: בית + דוד; Form: Preposition + construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “from the house of Dawid”; Notes: Indicates the dynasty from which the kingdom was taken.
- וָאֶתְּנֶ֖הָ (vaʾetteneh) – Root: נתן; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 1st person masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and I gave it”; Notes: Refers to the kingdom.
- לָךְ (lakh) – Root: לך; Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Recipient of the kingdom.
- וְלֹֽא־הָיִ֜יתָ (velo-hayita) – Root: היה; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “But you have not been”; Notes: Introduces contrast with Dawid.
- כְּעַבְדִּ֣י דָוִ֗ד (keʿavdi Dawid) – Root: עבד + דוד; Form: Preposition + construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “like My servant Dawid”; Notes: Model of obedience.
- אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces two relative clauses.
- שָׁמַ֨ר (shamar) – Root: שמר; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “kept”; Notes: First verb describing Dawid’s faithfulness.
- מִצְוֹתַ֜י (mitzvotai) – Root: צוה; Form: Noun, feminine plural + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My commandments”; Notes: Object of “kept.”
- וַאֲשֶׁר־הָלַ֤ךְ (vaʾasher-halach) – Root: הלך; Form: Conjunction + relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and who walked”; Notes: Second trait of Dawid’s character.
- אַחֲרַי (aḥarai) – Root: אחר; Form: Preposition + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “after Me”; Notes: Shows loyalty to YHWH.
- בְּכָל־לְבָבֹ֔ו (bekhol-levavo) – Root: לבב; Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with all his heart”; Notes: Indicates wholehearted devotion.
- לַעֲשֹׂ֕ות (laʿasot) – Root: עשה; Form: Infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Expresses purpose of walking after YHWH.
- רַ֖ק (raq) – Root: Particle; Form: Adverb; Translation: “only”; Notes: Emphasizes exclusivity of Dawid’s obedience.
- הַיָּשָׁ֥ר (hayyashar) – Root: ישׁר; Form: Definite adjective, masculine singular; Translation: “what is right”; Notes: Moral evaluation.
- בְּעֵינָֽי (beʿeinai) – Root: עין; Form: Preposition + noun, dual + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “in My eyes”; Notes: Divine perspective or judgment.