וַיִּשְׁמַ֨ע בֶּן־הֲדַ֜ד אֶל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אָסָ֗א וַ֠יִּשְׁלַח אֶת־שָׂרֵ֨י הַחֲיָלִ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־לֹו֙ עַל־עָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־עִיֹּ֣ון וְאֶת־דָּ֔ן וְאֵ֖ת אָבֵ֣ל בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑ה וְאֵת֙ כָּל־כִּנְרֹ֔ות עַ֖ל כָּל־אֶ֥רֶץ נַפְתָּלִֽי׃
And Ben-hadad listened to King Asa, and he sent the commanders of the armies that were his against the cities of Yisraʾel, and he struck ʿIyyon, and Dan, and Avel Beit-maʿaka, and all Kinnerot, along all the land of Naftali.
Morphology
- וַיִּשְׁמַ֨ע (va-yishmaʿ) – Root: שׁמע; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he listened”; Notes: Refers to Ben-Hadad responding to Asa’s request.
- בֶּן־הֲדַ֜ד (Ben-Hadad) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Construct phrase; Translation: “Ben-Hadad”; Notes: King of Aram (Syria), allied with Asa.
- אֶל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אָסָ֗א (el-ha-melekh Asa) – Root: אל, מלך, אסא; Form: Preposition + definite noun + proper noun; Translation: “to King Asa”; Notes: Identifies the recipient of the alliance and message.
- וַ֠יִּשְׁלַח (va-yishlaḥ) – Root: שלח; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he sent”; Notes: Refers to military deployment.
- אֶת־שָׂרֵ֨י הַחֲיָלִ֤ים (et-sarē ha-ḥayālīm) – Root: שר, חיל; Form: Direct object marker + construct plural + definite plural noun; Translation: “the commanders of the armies”; Notes: Officers under Ben-Hadad’s command.
- אֲשֶׁר־לֹו֙ (ʾăsher-lō) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun + preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “that were his”; Notes: Refers to his military forces.
- עַל־עָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (ʿal-ʿārē Yisraʾel) – Root: על, עיר, ישראל; Form: Preposition + plural construct + proper noun; Translation: “against the cities of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Target of the attack.
- וַיַּךְ֙ (va-yak) – Root: נכה; Form: Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he struck”; Notes: Military action.
- אֶת־עִיֹּ֣ון (et-ʿIyyon) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Direct object marker + name; Translation: “ʿIyyon”; Notes: Northern city in Yisraʾel.
- וְאֶת־דָּ֔ן (ve-et-Dan) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + name; Translation: “and Dan”; Notes: Major city in the north of Yisraʾel.
- וְאֵ֖ת אָבֵ֣ל בֵּֽית־מַעֲכָ֑ה (ve-et Avel Beit-Maʿakhah) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + place name; Translation: “and Avel Beit-Maʿakah”; Notes: City in the region of Naphtali.
- וְאֵת֙ כָּל־כִּנְרֹ֔ות (ve-et kol-Kinnerot) – Root: כנרת; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + construct phrase; Translation: “and all Kinnerot”; Notes: Refers to the region or settlements around Lake Kinneret.
- עַ֖ל כָּל־אֶ֥רֶץ נַפְתָּלִֽי (ʿal kol-ʾerets Naftali) – Root: על, ארץ, נפתלי; Form: Preposition + construct phrase + proper noun; Translation: “across all the land of Naphtali”; Notes: Tribal territory in northern Yisraʾel.