וַיְהִ֣י כְמָלְכֹ֗ו הִכָּה֙ אֶת־כָּל־בֵּ֣ית יָרָבְעָ֔ם לֹֽא־הִשְׁאִ֧יר כָּל־נְשָׁמָ֛ה לְיָרָבְעָ֖ם עַד־הִשְׁמִדֹ֑ו כִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּ֔ר בְּיַד־עַבְדֹּ֖ו אֲחִיָּ֥ה הַשִּׁילֹנִֽי׃
And it came to pass, when he became king, he struck all the house of Yarovʿam. He did not leave any soul belonging to Yarovʿam until he had destroyed him, according to the word of YHWH which He spoke by the hand of His servant Aḥiyya the Shiloni.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֣י (va-yehī) – Root: היה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Standard narrative opening.
- כְמָלְכֹ֗ו (ke-molkhō) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition + infinitive construct with 3ms suffix; Translation: “when he became king”; Notes: Temporal clause marking the beginning of his reign.
- הִכָּה֙ (hikkāh) – Root: נכה; Form: Hiphil perfect 3ms; Translation: “he struck”; Notes: Refers to the killing of Yaravʿam’s house.
- אֶת־כָּל־בֵּ֣ית יָרָבְעָ֔ם (et-kol-bēt Yaravʿam) – Root: בית, ירבעם; Form: Direct object marker + construct phrase; Translation: “all the house of Yaravʿam”; Notes: Refers to his entire lineage and household.
- לֹֽא־הִשְׁאִ֧יר (lo-hishʾir) – Root: שׁאר; Form: Negative particle + Hiphil perfect 3ms; Translation: “he did not leave”; Notes: Expresses total annihilation.
- כָּל־נְשָׁמָ֛ה (kol-neshamah) – Root: נשׁם; Form: Construct + noun feminine singular; Translation: “any soul”; Notes: Emphasizes complete destruction of life.
- לְיָרָבְעָ֖ם (le-Yaravʿam) – Root: ירבעם; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Yaravʿam”; Notes: Indicates possession or association.
- עַד־הִשְׁמִדֹ֑ו (ʿad-hishmidō) – Root: שׁמד; Form: Preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct with 3ms suffix; Translation: “until he had destroyed him”; Notes: Finality of the judgment.
- כִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה (ki-divar YHWH) – Root: דבר; Form: Preposition + construct noun; Translation: “according to the word of YHWH”; Notes: Indicates divine fulfillment.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּ֔ר (ʾăsher dibber) – Root: דבר; Form: Relative pronoun + Piel perfect 3ms; Translation: “which He spoke”; Notes: Introduces the prophetic source.
- בְּיַד־עַבְדֹּ֖ו (be-yad ʿavdō) – Root: יד, עבד; Form: Preposition + construct + noun with 3ms suffix; Translation: “by the hand of His servant”; Notes: Common prophetic formula.
- אֲחִיָּ֥ה הַשִּׁילֹנִֽי (ʾAḥiyah ha-Shilonī) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Name + gentilic adjective; Translation: “Aḥiyah the Shilonite”; Notes: Prophet from Shiloh who foretold Yaravʿam’s downfall.