וְלִפְנֵ֣י הַדְּבִ֡יר עֶשְׂרִים֩ אַמָּ֨ה אֹ֜רֶךְ וְעֶשְׂרִ֧ים אַמָּ֣ה רֹ֗חַב וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים אַמָּה֙ קֹֽומָתֹ֔ו וַיְצַפֵּ֖הוּ זָהָ֣ב סָג֑וּר וַיְצַ֥ף מִזְבֵּ֖חַ אָֽרֶז׃
And before the Devir: twenty cubits in length, and twenty cubits in width, and twenty cubits in height; and he overlaid it with pure gold, and he overlaid the altar with cedar.
Morphology
- וְלִפְנֵ֣י (velifnei) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Conjunction + preposition + plural construct; Translation: “And before”; Notes: Indicates the area in front of the Devir.
- הַדְּבִ֡יר (haddevir) – Root: דביר (devir); Form: Definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “the Devir”; Notes: Inner sanctuary, Holy of Holies.
- עֶשְׂרִים֩ אַמָּ֨ה (ʿesrim ʾammah) – Root: עשרים (ʿesrim), אמה (ʾammah); Form: Numeral + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “twenty cubits”; Notes: Measurement expression.
- אֹ֜רֶךְ (ʾorekh) – Root: ארך (ʾarakh); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “length”; Notes: Refers to front-to-back dimension.
- וְעֶשְׂרִ֧ים אַמָּ֣ה (veʿesrim ʾammah) – Root: עשרים (ʿesrim), אמה (ʾammah); Form: Conjunction + numeral + noun, feminine singular; Translation: “and twenty cubits”; Notes: Additional dimension.
- רֹ֗חַב (roḥav) – Root: רחב (raḥav); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “width”; Notes: Side-to-side dimension.
- וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים אַמָּה֙ (veʿesrim ʾammah) – Form: As above; Translation: “and twenty cubits”; Notes: Repetition for height measurement.
- קֹֽומָתֹ֔ו (qomato) – Root: קומה (qomah); Form: Noun, feminine singular + 3ms suffix; Translation: “its height”; Notes: Refers to vertical dimension of the space.
- וַיְצַפֵּ֖הוּ (vayetsppehu) – Root: צפה (tsafah); Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3ms + 3ms suffix; Translation: “and he overlaid it”; Notes: Refers to covering the space with gold.
- זָהָ֣ב (zahav) – Root: זהב (zahav); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “gold”; Notes: Indicates the precious material used.
- סָג֑וּר (sagur) – Root: סגר (sagar); Form: Passive participle, masculine singular; Translation: “pure” or “refined”; Notes: Describes quality of the gold—sealed or pure.
- וַיְצַ֥ף (vayetsp) – Root: צפה (tsafah); Form: Piel wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he overlaid”; Notes: Second act of overlaying, different object.
- מִזְבֵּ֖חַ (mizbeaḥ) – Root: זבח (zavaḥ); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “altar”; Notes: Refers to the altar inside the Devir.
- אָרֶז׃ (ʾerez) – Root: ארז (ʾerez); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “cedar”; Notes: Material used to overlay the altar.