וַיְהִ֗י כַּֽאֲשֶׁר֙ שָׁ֣ב שָׁא֔וּל מֵאַחֲרֵ֖י פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּגִּ֤דוּ לֹו֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הִנֵּ֣ה דָוִ֔ד בְּמִדְבַּ֖ר עֵ֥ין גֶּֽדִי׃ ס
And it happened, when Shaʾul returned from following the Pelishtim, that they told him, saying, “Behold, Dawid is in the wilderness of ʿEn Gedi.”
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֗י (vayehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it happened”; Notes: Introduces a narrative event.
- כַּֽאֲשֶׁר֙ (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “when”; Notes: Indicates a temporal clause.
- שָׁ֣ב (shav) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “returned”; Notes: Describes completed action.
- שָׁא֔וּל (Shaʾul) – Root: שאול (Shaʾul); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shaʾul”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- מֵאַחֲרֵ֖י (meʾaḥarei) – Root: אחרי (ʾaḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “from after”; Notes: Indicates pursuit.
- פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים (Pelishtim) – Root: פלשת (Peleshet); Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “the Pelishtim”; Notes: Refers to the Philistines.
- וַיַּגִּ֤דוּ (vayyagidu) – Root: נגד (nagad); Form: Hifil wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they told”; Notes: Causative form indicating reporting.
- לֹו֙ (lo) – Root: לו (lo); Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Marks recipient.
- לֵאמֹ֔ר (leʾmor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- הִנֵּ֣ה (hinneh) – Root: הנה (hinneh); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Expresses emphasis.
- דָוִ֔ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the clause.
- בְּמִדְבַּ֖ר (bemidbar) – Root: מדבר (midbar); Form: Noun, masculine singular with preposition; Translation: “in the wilderness of”; Notes: Indicates geographical location.
- עֵ֥ין גֶּֽדִי (ʿEn-Gedi) – Root: עין גדי (ʿEn-Gedi); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “ʿEn-Gedi”; Notes: A specific location in Yisraʾel.