וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה לֹ֣א סָ֗ר מִכָּל־חַטֹּאות֙ יָרָבְעָ֣ם בֶּן־נְבָ֔ט אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֶחֱטִ֖יא אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
And he did what was evil in the eyes of YHWH; he did not turn away from all the sins of Yarovʿam son of Nevat, which he caused Yisraʾel to sin.
Morphology
- וַיַּ֥עַשׂ (va-yaʿas) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he did”; Notes: Introduces the king’s moral conduct.
- הָרַ֖ע (ha-raʿ) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the evil”; Notes: Moral evil or wickedness as seen by YHWH.
- בְּעֵינֵ֣י (be-ʿeinei) – Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Preposition + construct dual noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in the eyes of”; Notes: Hebrew idiom meaning “according to the judgment of.”
- יְהוָ֑ה (YHWH) – Root: — ; Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- לֹ֣א (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
- סָ֗ר (sar) – Root: סור (sur); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he turned aside”; Notes: Indicates refusal to depart from wrongdoing.
- מִכָּל־חַטֹּאות (mi-kol-ḥattoʾot) – Root: חטא; Form: Preposition + totality noun + feminine plural noun; Translation: “from all the sins of”; Notes: Refers to specific national sins initiated by Yarovʿam.
- יָרָבְעָ֣ם (Yarovʿam) – Root: ירבעם; Form: Proper noun masculine singular; Translation: “Yarovʿam”; Notes: The first king of northern Yisraʾel, viewed as an archetype of apostasy.
- בֶּן־נְבָ֔ט (ben-Nevat) – Root: בן, נבט; Form: Construct noun + proper name; Translation: “son of Nevat”; Notes: Genealogical identification.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause modifying the previous noun.
- הֶחֱטִ֖יא (heḥetiʾ) – Root: חטא; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he caused to sin”; Notes: Hifil causative stem emphasizes Yarovʿam’s role in leading others into sin.
- אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (ʾet-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל; Form: Direct object marker + proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers to the northern kingdom, the people whom Yarovʿam misled.