וַיְנַגַּ֨ע יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וַיְהִ֤י מְצֹרָע֙ עַד־יֹ֣ום מֹתֹ֔ו וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב בְּבֵ֣ית הַחָפְשִׁ֑ית וְיֹותָ֤ם בֶּן־הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ עַל־הַבַּ֔יִת שֹׁפֵ֖ט אֶת־עַ֥ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃
And YHWH struck the king, and he was a leper until the day of his death; and he lived in the house of separation, and Yotam the king’s son was over the house, judging the people of the land.
Morphology
- וַיְנַגַּ֨ע (va-yenaggaʿ) – Root: נגע; Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And [He] struck”; Notes: Hifil causative—YHWH caused the affliction.
- יְהוָ֜ה (YHWH) – Root: — ; Form: Proper noun, Tetragrammaton; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the divine action.
- אֶת־הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ (et-ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Direct object marker + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the king”; Notes: The object of YHWH’s striking.
- וַיְהִ֤י (va-yehi) – Root: היה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he was”; Notes: Introduces a new condition/state.
- מְצֹרָע֙ (metzoraʿ) – Root: צרע; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a leper”; Notes: Designates someone afflicted with tsaraʿat (leprosy-like condition).
- עַד־יֹ֣ום מֹתֹ֔ו (ʿad-yom moto) – Root: יום, מות; Form: Preposition + noun + construct noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “until the day of his death”; Notes: Duration of affliction.
- וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב (va-yeshev) – Root: ישׁב; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he lived” / “and he dwelled”; Notes: Refers to isolated living due to impurity.
- בְּבֵ֣ית הַחָפְשִׁ֑ית (be-veit ha-ḥofshit) – Root: בית, חפשׁ; Form: Preposition + construct noun + definite noun; Translation: “in the house of separation”; Notes: A place of quarantine for lepers.
- וְיֹותָ֤ם (ve-Yotam) – Root: י ות מ; Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “and Yotam”; Notes: The king’s son who assumed responsibility.
- בֶּן־הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ (ben-ha-melekh) – Root: בן, מלך; Form: Construct noun + definite noun; Translation: “son of the king”; Notes: Identifies Yotam’s royal lineage.
- עַל־הַבַּ֔יִת (ʿal-ha-bayit) – Root: על, בית; Form: Preposition + definite noun; Translation: “over the house”; Notes: A technical term meaning administrator of the royal palace.
- שֹׁפֵ֖ט (shofet) – Root: שפט; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “judging”; Notes: Describes his role as acting authority.
- אֶת־עַ֥ם הָאָֽרֶץ (et-ʿam ha-aretz) – Root: עם, ארץ; Form: Direct object marker + noun + definite noun; Translation: “the people of the land”; Notes: Refers to the general populace of Yehudah.