בֶּן־שְׁמֹנֶ֨ה עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה שָׁנָה֙ יְהֹויָכִ֣ין בְּמָלְכֹ֔ו וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה חֳדָשִׁ֔ים מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְשֵׁ֣ם אִמֹּ֔ו נְחֻשְׁתָּ֥א בַת־אֶלְנָתָ֖ן מִירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃
Eighteen years old was Yehoyakin when he began to reign, and three months he reigned in Yerushalayim. And the name of his mother was Neḥushta, daughter of Elnatan, from Yerushalayim.
Morphology
- בֶּן־שְׁמֹנֶ֨ה (ben-shemoneh) – Root: בן + שׁמנה; Form: Noun masculine singular construct + numeral masculine singular; Translation: “son of eighteen”; Notes: Idiomatically means “eighteen years old.”
- עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה (esreh) – Root: עשר; Form: Numeral; Translation: “ten”; Notes: Combined with “eighteen.”
- שָׁנָה֙ (shanah) – Root: שנה; Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “year”; Notes: Unit of age.
- יְהֹויָכִ֣ין (Yehoyakin) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Name; Translation: “Yehoyakin”; Notes: King of Yehudah and son of Yehoyaqim.
- בְּמָלְכֹ֔ו (be-malko) – Root: מלך; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “when he began to reign”; Notes: Literally “in his reign,” an idiom for the start of kingship.
- וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה (u-sheloshah) – Root: שלש; Form: Conjunction + numeral masculine; Translation: “and three”; Notes: Duration of reign.
- חֳדָשִׁ֔ים (ḥodashim) – Root: חדש; Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “months”; Notes: Indicates brevity of reign.
- מָלַ֖ךְ (malakh) – Root: מלך; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he reigned”; Notes: Describes actual kingship.
- בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם (bi-Yerushalayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Yerushalayim”; Notes: Capital of Yehudah.
- וְשֵׁ֣ם (ve-shem) – Root: שם; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the name”; Notes: Introduces biographical note.
- אִמֹּ֔ו (immo) – Root: אם; Form: Noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his mother”; Notes: Identifies maternal lineage.
- נְחֻשְׁתָּ֥א (Neḥushta) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Name; Translation: “Neḥushta”; Notes: Mother of Yehoyakin.
- בַת־אֶלְנָתָ֖ן (bat-Elnatan) – Root: בת + proper noun; Form: Construct noun feminine singular + name; Translation: “daughter of Elnatan”; Notes: Traces her paternal heritage.
- מִירוּשָׁלִָֽם (mi-Yerushalayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “from Yerushalayim”; Notes: Indicates origin or hometown.