וּבִשְׁנַ֣ת חָמֵ֗שׁ לְיֹורָ֤ם בֶּן־אַחְאָב֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וִיהֹושָׁפָ֖ט מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה מָלַ֛ךְ יְהֹורָ֥ם בֶּן־יְהֹושָׁפָ֖ט מֶ֥לֶךְ יְהוּדָֽה׃
And in the fifth year of Yoram son of Aḥʾav king of Yisraʾel, when Yehoshafat was king of Yehuda, Yehoram son of Yehoshafat king of Yehuda began to reign.
Morphology
- וּבִשְׁנַת (u-vi-shenat) – Root: שנה; Form: Conjunction + preposition + construct noun feminine singular; Translation: “And in the year of”; Notes: Introduces the chronological reference.
- חָמֵשׁ (ḥamesh) – Root: חמש; Form: Cardinal number feminine; Translation: “five”; Notes: Modifies “year” (a feminine noun).
- לְיֹורָם (le-Yoram) – Root: יורים; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “of Yoram”; Notes: Refers to the reign of the king of Yisraʾel.
- בֶּן־אַחְאָב (ben-Aḥʾav) – Root: בן, אחאב; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Aḥʾav”; Notes: Genealogical identification.
- מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל (melekh Yisraʾel) – Root: מלך, ישראל; Form: Noun construct + proper noun; Translation: “king of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Title of Yoram.
- וִיהֹושָׁפָט (vi-Yehoshafat) – Form: Conjunction + proper noun; Translation: “and Yehoshafat”; Notes: Introduces the concurrent reign of the king of Yehudah.
- מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה (melekh Yehudah) – Root: מלך, יהודה; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “king of Yehudah”; Notes: Clarifies Yehoshafat’s position.
- מָלַךְ (malakh) – Root: מלך; Form: Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “he reigned” / “began to reign”; Notes: Marks the start of Yehoram’s rule.
- יְהֹורָם (Yehoram) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yehoram”; Notes: Subject of the verb “reigned.”
- בֶּן־יְהֹושָׁפָט (ben-Yehoshafat) – Root: בן, יהושפט; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Yehoshafat”; Notes: Genealogical reference clarifying the identity of Yehoram of Yehudah.
- מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה (melekh Yehudah) – Form: Title repeated for emphasis; Translation: “king of Yehudah”; Notes: Reinforces Yehoram’s authority and office.