וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר יֹורָם֙ צָעִ֔ירָה וְכָל־הָרֶ֖כֶב עִמֹּ֑ו וַֽיְהִי־ה֞וּא קָ֣ם לַ֗יְלָה וַיַּכֶּ֨ה אֶת־אֱדֹ֜ום הַסֹּבֵ֤יב אֵלָיו֙ וְאֵת֙ שָׂרֵ֣י הָרֶ֔כֶב וַיָּ֥נָס הָעָ֖ם לְאֹהָלָֽיו׃
And Yoram passed over to Tsaʿir, and all the chariotry with him, and it came to pass that he rose by night and struck Edom who was surrounding him, and the commanders of the chariots, and the people fled to their tents.
Morphology
- וַיַּעֲבֹר (va-yaʿavor) – Root: עבר; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “And he passed over”; Notes: Begins Yoram’s military movement.
- יֹורָם (Yoram) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yoram”; Notes: King of Yehudah.
- צָעִירָה (Tsaʿirah) – Form: Proper noun or possibly feminine adjective; Translation: “to Tsaʿirah”; Notes: Possibly a place name or a small outpost.
- וְכָל־הָרֶכֶב (ve-khol ha-rekhev) – Root: רכב; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular definite; Translation: “and all the chariotry”; Notes: Refers to his military force.
- עִמֹּו (ʿimmo) – Root: עם; Form: Preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “with him”; Notes: Indicates accompaniment.
- וַיְהִי־הוּא (va-yehi hu) – Root: היה; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + pronoun; Translation: “and it came to pass that he”; Notes: Narrative formula introducing next action.
- קָם (qam) – Root: קום; Form: Qal participle or perfect 3ms; Translation: “rose”; Notes: Describes sudden military action.
- לַיְלָה (laylah) – Root: לילה; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “by night”; Notes: Indicates the time of his attack.
- וַיַּכֶּה (va-yakkeh) – Root: נכה; Form: Hifil wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he struck”; Notes: Military action verb.
- אֶת־אֱדֹום (et-ʾEdom) – Form: Definite direct object; Translation: “Edom”; Notes: The enemy force.
- הַסֹּבֵיב אֵלָיו (ha-sovev elav) – Root: סבב; Form: Participle masculine singular; Translation: “who was surrounding him”; Notes: Describes Edom’s strategic encampment.
- וְאֵת שָׂרֵי הָרֶכֶב (ve-et sarei ha-rekhev) – Root: שרר, רכב; Form: Construct plural + definite noun; Translation: “and the commanders of the chariotry”; Notes: Specifies the military targets.
- וַיָּנָס (va-yanas) – Root: נוס; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3ms; Translation: “and he fled”; Notes: Possibly refers to Edomite survivors or remaining forces.
- הָעָם (ha-ʿam) – Root: עם; Form: Noun masculine singular with article; Translation: “the people”; Notes: Edomite or Yehudi forces depending on context (likely Edom here).
- לְאֹהָלָיו (le-ʾohalav) – Root: אהל; Form: Preposition + noun masculine plural + 3ms suffix; Translation: “to his tents”; Notes: Idiom for retreating to camp or home.