וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶעֱשֶׂה־חֶ֣סֶד עִם־חָנ֣וּן בֶּן־נָחָ֗שׁ כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ עָשָׂ֨ה אָבִ֤יו עִמָּדִי֙ חֶ֔סֶד וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח דָּוִ֧ד לְנַחֲמֹ֛ו בְּיַד־עֲבָדָ֖יו אֶל־אָבִ֑יו וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ֙ עַבְדֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד אֶ֖רֶץ בְּנֵ֥י עַמֹּֽון׃
And Dawid said, “I will show kindness to Ḥanun son of Naḥash, just as his father showed kindness to me.” And Dawid sent to comfort him by the hand of his servants concerning his father, and the servants of Dawid came to the land of the sons of ʿAmmon.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר (vayyomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And [he] said”; Notes: Typical narrative introduction.
- דָּוִ֜ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- אֶעֱשֶׂה־חֶ֣סֶד (eʿeseh-ḥesed) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular + noun; Translation: “I will show kindness”; Notes: Indicates future intention.
- עִם־חָנ֣וּן (ʿim-Ḥanun) – Root: עם (ʿim); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “to Ḥanun”; Notes: Object of the verb “show kindness.”
- בֶּן־נָחָ֗שׁ (ben-Naḥash) – Root: בן (ben), נחש (Naḥash); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Naḥash”; Notes: Apposition clarifying identity.
- כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ (kaʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Conjunction with preposition; Translation: “just as”; Notes: Introduces comparative clause.
- עָשָׂ֨ה (ʿasah) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he did”; Notes: Refers to the father’s past action.
- אָבִ֤יו (aviv) – Root: אב (av); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his father”; Notes: Subject of the clause.
- עִמָּדִי֙ (ʿimmadi) – Root: עם (ʿim); Form: Preposition with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “with me”; Notes: Indicates recipient of the kindness.
- חֶ֔סֶד (ḥesed) – Root: חסד (ḥesed); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute; Translation: “kindness”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
- וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח (vayyishlaḥ) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And he sent”; Notes: Dawid’s action in response.
- דָּוִ֧ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד (Dawid); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject repeated for clarity.
- לְנַחֲמֹ֛ו (lenaḥamo) – Root: נחם (naḥam); Form: Piel infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to comfort him”; Notes: Purpose of sending.
- בְּיַד־עֲבָדָ֖יו (beyad-ʿavadav) – Root: יד (yad), עבד (ʿeved); Form: Preposition + noun construct + plural suffix; Translation: “by the hand of his servants”; Notes: Idiomatic for “by means of.”
- אֶל־אָבִ֑יו (el-aviv) – Root: אל (ʾel), אב (av); Form: Preposition + noun with suffix; Translation: “concerning his father”; Notes: Refers to reason for condolence.
- וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ֙ (vayyavoʾu) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “And they came”; Notes: Action of Dawid’s servants.
- עַבְדֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד (ʿavdei Dawid) – Root: עבד (ʿeved), דוד (Dawid); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “servants of Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb.
- אֶ֖רֶץ (ʾerets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Noun, feminine singular absolute; Translation: “land”; Notes: Destination.
- בְּנֵ֥י עַמֹּֽון (benei ʿAmmon) – Root: בן (ben), עמון (ʿAmmon); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “sons of ʿAmmon”; Notes: Genitive construction indicating ownership/location.