וּבָ֛א הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ דָּוִ֖ד עַד־בַּֽחוּרִ֑ים וְהִנֵּ֣ה מִשָּׁם֩ אִ֨ישׁ יֹוצֵ֜א מִמִּשְׁפַּ֣חַת בֵּית־שָׁא֗וּל וּשְׁמֹו֙ שִׁמְעִ֣י בֶן־גֵּרָ֔א יֹצֵ֥א יָצֹ֖וא וּמְקַלֵּֽל׃
And King Dawid came as far as Baḥurim, and behold, from there came out a man from the family of the house of Shaʾul, and his name was Shimeʿi son of Gera—he came out, coming out and cursing continually.
Morphology
- וּבָ֛א (uva) – Root: בוא; Form: Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And he came”; Notes: Refers to King Dawid’s movement.
- הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ (ha-melekh) – Root: מלך; Form: Noun, masculine singular, definite; Translation: “the king”; Notes: Apposition to “Dawid.”
- דָּוִ֖ד (Dawid) – Root: דוד; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Dawid”; Notes: Subject of the verb “came.”
- עַד־בַּֽחוּרִ֑ים (ʿad-Baḥurim) – Root: בחר; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “as far as Baḥurim”; Notes: Indicates the location reached by Dawid.
- וְהִנֵּ֣ה (ve-hinne) – Root: הנה; Form: Interjection; Translation: “and behold”; Notes: Introduces something unexpected or dramatic.
- מִשָּׁם֩ (mi-sham) – Root: שם; Form: Preposition + adverb; Translation: “from there”; Notes: Indicates origin of movement.
- אִ֨ישׁ (ish) – Root: איש; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Subject of the following verb.
- יֹוצֵ֜א (yotze) – Root: יצא; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “coming out”; Notes: Describes ongoing action.
- מִמִּשְׁפַּ֣חַת (mi-mishpaḥat) – Root: משפחה; Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “from the family of”; Notes: Indicates lineage.
- בֵּית־שָׁא֗וּל (beit-Shaʾul) – Root: בית, שאול; Form: Construct phrase (noun + proper noun); Translation: “the house of Shaʾul”; Notes: Refers to former king’s family.
- וּשְׁמֹו֙ (u-shemo) – Root: שם; Form: Conjunction + noun with 3ms suffix; Translation: “and his name”; Notes: Introduces identity of the man.
- שִׁמְעִ֣י (Shimʿi) – Root: שמעי; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Shimʿi”; Notes: Name of the man from Shaʾul’s clan.
- בֶן־גֵּרָ֔א (ben-Gera) – Root: בן, גרא; Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “son of Gera”; Notes: Patronymic identification.
- יֹצֵ֥א (yotze) – Root: יצא; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “coming out”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
- יָצֹ֖וא (yatso) – Root: יצא; Form: Infinitive absolute; Translation: “continually coming out”; Notes: Intensifies the action.
- וּמְקַלֵּֽל (u-mekallel) – Root: קלל; Form: Piel participle masculine singular with conjunction; Translation: “and cursing”; Notes: Describes ongoing hostile speech.