וְה֣וּא גַם־בֶּן־חַ֗יִל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לִבֹּ֛ו כְּלֵ֥ב הָאַרְיֵ֖ה הִמֵּ֣ס יִמָּ֑ס כִּֽי־יֹדֵ֤עַ כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ כִּי־גִבֹּ֣ור אָבִ֔יךָ וּבְנֵי־חַ֖יִל אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתֹּֽו׃
And he also is a valiant man, whose heart is like the heart of a lion—he will utterly melt. For all Yisraʾel knows that your father is a mighty man, and the men of valor who are with him.
Morphology
- וְה֣וּא (ve-hu) – Root: הוא; Form: Conjunction + pronoun, 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “And he”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- גַם־ (gam) – Root: גם; Form: Adverb; Translation: “also”; Notes: Emphasizes inclusion.
- בֶּן־חַ֗יִל (ben-ḥayil) – Root: בן, חיל; Form: Construct noun + noun; Translation: “a valiant man” or “man of strength”; Notes: Refers to military competence.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “whose” / “that”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
- לִבֹּ֛ו (libbo) – Root: לב; Form: Noun, masculine singular with 3ms suffix; Translation: “his heart”; Notes: Refers to courage or inner strength.
- כְּלֵ֥ב (kelev) – Root: לב; Form: Preposition + noun, masculine singular; Translation: “like the heart”; Notes: Comparison phrase.
- הָאַרְיֵ֖ה (ha-aryeh) – Root: אריה; Form: Definite noun, masculine singular; Translation: “of a lion”; Notes: Symbol of boldness and power.
- הִמֵּ֣ס (himmes) – Root: מסס; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “he will melt” / “he has melted”; Notes: Expresses breaking of courage.
- יִמָּ֑ס (yimmas) – Root: מסס; Form: Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular; Translation: “he will melt”; Notes: Emphasizes passive consequence.
- כִּֽי־ (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason.
- יֹדֵ֤עַ (yodeaʿ) – Root: ידע; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “knows”; Notes: Describes current knowledge.
- כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ (kol-Yisraʾel) – Root: כל, ישראל; Form: Noun + proper noun; Translation: “all Yisraʾel”; Notes: Collective subject.
- כִּי־ (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the content of the knowledge.
- גִבֹּ֣ור (gibbor) – Root: גבר; Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a mighty man”; Notes: Title of valor.
- אָבִ֔יךָ (avikha) – Root: אב; Form: Noun with 2ms suffix; Translation: “your father”; Notes: Refers to Dawid.
- וּבְנֵי־חַ֖יִל (u-venei-ḥayil) – Root: בן, חיל; Form: Conjunction + construct plural noun; Translation: “and men of valor”; Notes: Describes Dawid’s company.
- אֲשֶׁ֥ר (asher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces subordinate clause.
- אִתֹּֽו (itto) – Root: את; Form: Preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “with him”; Notes: Refers to Dawid’s loyal warriors.